摘要
自然灾害系统理论将对自然灾害的研究扩展到人类行为的环境角度。景观生态学认为景观是在气候、地形、地貌、植被、水文以及人为活动共同作用下形成的自然综合体。土地景观作为农业旱灾的孕灾环境和广义承灾体,在旱灾的形成和灾情演变中具有重要的作用,表现在中小尺度上土地景观的空间分异决定旱灾空间分布的差异;其动态变化影响农业旱灾灾情的变化。以地处松嫩平原腹地的农安县为例,分析土地景观格局、动态变化对农业旱灾的影响关系,指出研究区土地景观农业干旱敏感性空间变异很大,以轻度敏感级和中度敏感级土地为主,不敏感级很少;表明整体上对农业干旱的抵御能力处于中等水平;在中度敏感性级别范围内的农田面积增加是导致农安县农业旱灾频繁、旱灾灾情加剧的重要原因。土地景观格局、动态变化对农业旱灾影响关系的研究,可为通过合理利用土地减轻农业旱灾提供充分的理论依据。图4,表1,参16。
Natural disaster systematic theory extends the study on natural disaster to the dimension of the behavior of human being. Landscape is a natural synthesis shaped and affected by the jointly actions of climate, landform, relief, vegetation and human activities. As environment of breeding agricultural drought hazard and disaster-affected body in broad sense, landscape plays an important role in rimming and changing of agricultural drought disaster, which means that in raid-small scale, the spatial heterogeneity of landscape dominates the spatial difference of agricultural drought disaster, and the dynamic change of it affects the situation of agricultural drought disaster. By taking Nong＇ an County as a case, the impact of landscape pattern and the dynamic change of it on agricultural drought disaster is analyzed through drought-susceptibility simulating and overlaying the land-use maps in three different times with drought-susceptible grade map. The results show that the spatial variation of the susceptibility for drought disaster is distinct, and the landscape can mainly be classified into three grades, which are slightly susceptive, mid-degree susceptive and not suscepfive grade, and the land area in slightly susceptive, mid-degree suscptive grade makes up quite a large of proportion, which shows that the whole study area resists agricultural drought disaster in middle level, and the increase of cultivated land in mid-degree susceptive grade is the important reason for the frequent and more serious situation of the agricultural drought disaster. The study on the impact of landscape pattern and dynamic change of it on agricultural drought disaster can be referred to alleviate the loss of agricultural drought disaster by reasonable land use.
出处
《农业系统科学与综合研究》
CSCD
2007年第1期69-73,共5页
System Sciemces and Comprehensive Studies In Agriculture
基金
中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX1-SW-19)
关键词
农业旱灾
景观格局
景观动态
松嫩平原
农安县
agricultural drought disaster
landscape pattern
landscape dynamic
Songnen Plain
Nong＇an County
