摘要
目的了解我国部分地区1994～2000年孕产妇的早孕检查状况及其影响因素。方法数据为“中美预防出生缺陷和残疾合作项目”中13个县(市)的围生保健监测数据。研究对象为1994～2000年在上述项目县(市)分娩了孕满20周单胎活产儿的356846名妇女。运用卡方检验或趋势卡方检验比较不同特征人群早孕检查率的差别,运用两分类多元Logistic回归模型分析早孕检查的影响因素。结果早孕检查率从1994年的65.5%逐年升至1998年82.5%,然后略有下降,2000年为79.4%。同期比较,南方城市地区的早孕检查率为84.5%,以下依次为北方农村地区(80.5%)、南方农村地区(75.1%)和北方城市地区(72.9%)。不同特征人群比较,20～24岁、25～29岁组的早孕检查率明显高于30岁以上组,初中及以上文化程度妇女高于文化程度更低者,初产妇高于经产妇。多元Logistic回归分析显示,年份、地区、妇女的年龄、职业和产次是早孕检查的影响因素。结论监测地区的早孕检查状况得到了极大改善,但南北地区之间、北方城乡之间、不同特征人群之间存在明显的差别,需要引起重视和解决。在提高妇女文化程度的同时,需要针对不同职业、不同产次的妇女开展早孕检查的宣教活动,促进农民和经产妇对早孕检查的利用。
Objective To understand the changing pattern of early prenatal checkup and associated factors among pregnant women in some areas in China from 1994 to 2000. Methods Data were collected in 13 counties/cities covered by Perinatal Health Care Surveillance System which was part of the Sino - American cooperative project on neural tube defects prevention established in 1992. The study population consisted of 356 846 women who delivered single live births of at least 20 gestational weeks from 1994 through 2000. The Chi-square test was employed to test the differences of the proportion of women with early prenatal checkup between groups with different characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors associated with early prenatal checkup. Results The proportion of women with early prenatal checkup increased from 65.5 % in 1994 to 82.5 % in 1998, then decreased to 79.4 % in 2000. The proportion of women with early prenatal checkup was highest in southern urban areas （84. 5%）, then in northern rural areas （80.5 0%）, southern rural areas （75.1%） and northern urban areas （72. 9 %）. It was higher among women aged 20-24 years （77.5 %） and 25-89 years （77. 3 %） than among those aged 30-34 years （73, 1 0%） and 35 years or more （73.9 %）, higher among women with at least junior high school educational attainment than among those with primary school educational attainment, higher among nuUiparous women （77. 4 %）than among multiparous ones （74.3 %）. Multiva.riate logistic regression showed that the prenatal care checkup Was associated with surveillance year, residence, maternal age, occupation, and parity. Conclusion The status of early prenatal checkup has been greatly improved in surveyed areas during the period from 1994 to 2000. However, obvious differences still existed between northern and southern areas, between urban and rural areas in northern China as well as between groups with other different characteristics. Steps should be taken to improve the utilization of early prenatal checkup among women with lower educational attainment, farmers as well as multiparous ones.
出处
《中国生育健康杂志》
2006年第6期339-342,共4页
Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health
关键词
早孕检查
卫生保健提供
产前保健
Early prenatal care
Delivery of health care
Prenatal care
