摘要
目的:考察大学贫困学生生活满意度现状及其与快乐感的关系。方法:于2005-11采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取广西某高等师范院校月生活费低于150元的480名贫困学生和350名非贫困学生作为观察对象进行问卷调查,运用了Diener等编制的《国际大学调查》问卷中的一般生活满意度问卷、特殊生活满意度问卷、快乐感问卷进行大学贫困学生生活满意度和快乐感的调查。在一般生活满意度问卷和特殊生活满意度问卷各条目上的得分越高表明该项的满意程度越高,在快乐感问卷中得分越高表明快乐程度越高。调查方法均采用集体施测方式进行,同时在调查问卷中收集学生的人口统计学资料。结果:发放问卷830份,收回合格问卷740份,回收率89.2%。贫困学生417名,非贫困学生323名;男性贫困学生153名;女性贫困学生264名。①贫困学生一般生活满意度、经济状况满意度评分极显著低于非贫困学生(3.68±1.37,4.14±1.40;3.47±1.94,4.70±1.92,P<0.01);贫困学生自律、道德水平、学习习惯满意度评分显著高于非贫困学生(5.30±2.36,4.81±2.29;7.06±1.70,6.77±1.67;4.33±2.10,3.95±1.96,P<0.05～0.01)。②男性贫困学生一般生活满意度、恋爱关系满意度评分显著低于女性贫困学生(3.46±1.33,3.81±1.36;4.77±2.17,5.10±2.18,P<0.05);男性贫困学生健康水平、学习能力、自己、社会关系、身材长相满意度评分显著高于女性贫困学生(6.29±2.05,5.53±2.31;5.97±1.95,5.33±2.23;5.68±2.12,5.06±2.25;5.56±1.94,5.01±2.11;5.67±1.97,5.19±2.06,P<0.05～0.01)。③经济状况、教育、社会关系、学习习惯4个领域的特殊生活满意度对一般生活满意度的解释率为54.4%;自己、社会关系、身材长相、经济状况、分数5个领域的特殊生活满意度对快乐感的解释率为50.1%。结论:贫困学生的一般生活满意度和经济状况满意度较差,经济状况满意度影响一般生活满意度,自我接纳对快乐感的产生有重要影响。
AIM： To investigate the present status of life satisfaction and its relationship with happiness in poverty undergraduates. METHODS： Totally 480 impoverished undergraduates with the riving expenses below 150 RMB each month and 350 non-impoverished undergraduates were selected from Guangxi Normal University by stratified sampling and cluster sampling in November 2005 to investigated by interview. The General Life Satisfaction Scale, Special Life Satisfaction Scale and Happiness Scale of International College Survey Questionnaire edited by Diener et aL were adopted to investigate the present status of fife satisfaction and happiness in impoverished undergraduates. The higher the scores of items in General Life Satisfaction Scale and Special Life Satisfaction Scale were, the higher the satisfactory was, and higher score of Happiness Scale indicated happier feeling. The investigation was conducted in group, and data in demography about the students were collected from the questionnaires. RESULTS： Totally 830 questionnaires were sent out, and 740 valid ones were collected with a recovery rate of 89.2%, including 417 impoverished undergraduates and 323 non-impoverished undergraduates, in which there were 153 male impoverished undergraduates and 264 female impoverished undergraduates. ① The scores of general life satisfaction and economic status satisfaction in impoverished undergraduates were significantly lower than those in non-impoverished undergraduates （3.68±1.37,4.14±1.40 ;3.47±1.94,4.70±1.92, P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of self-discipline moral level amd study habit satisfaction in impoverished undergraduates were significantly higher than those in non-impoverished undergraduates （5.30±2.36,4.81±2.29;7.06±1.70,6.77±1.67;4.33±2.10,3.95±1.96, P〈 0.05-0.01 ）. （~ The scores of general life satisfaction and love relationship satisfaction in male impoverished undergraduates were significantly lower than those in female impoverished undergraduates （3.46±1.33,3.81±1.36;4.77±2.17,5.10±2.18, P〈 0.05）. The scores of health level, learning competence, self, social relationship, body shape and appearance satisfaction in male impoverished undergraduates were significantly higher than those in female impoverished undergraduates （6.29±2.05,5.53±2.31;5.97±1.95,5.33±2.23;5.68±2.12, 5.06±2.25;5.56±1.94,5.01±2.11;5.67±1.97,5.19±2.06,P 〈 0.05-0.01 ）. ③ Total variance of general life satisfaction explained by economic status, education, social relationship and study habit satisfaction was 54.4%. Total variance of happiness explained by self, social relationship, body shape and appearance, economic status and score satisfaction was 50.1%. CONCLUSION： The impoverished undergraduates have lower evaluation on general life satisfaction and economic status satisfaction than those of non-impoverished undergraduates, and the economic status satisfaction affect the general life satisfaction. The self-acceptance is an important predictive indicator of happiness.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第17期3294-3296,3299,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大委托项目"大学生心理健康教育理论与实践研究"(教社政司函[2004]256号)
"十一五"广西新世纪高等教育教改工程项目"大学生心理健康教育体系构建的理论与实践研究"项目基金资助("十一五"72号)~~
