摘要
目的:分析医学生述情障碍特征与人格特征的关系,为进一步认识述情障碍,明确其性质,更好地为临床医生和心理咨询的治疗服务提供依据。方法:于2005-11-20整群随机抽取不同年级大学生322名为调查对象。采用多伦多述情障碍量表评定学生的述情障碍特征,包括4个因子,分别为:①描述情感的能力。②认识、区别情绪和躯体感受的能力。③缺乏幻想。④外向型思维。每个条目按从完全不同意到完全同意分1～5个等级记分,其中11项为反向分,得分越高,述情障碍越明显。采用艾森克个性问卷国内修订本评定大学生的人格特征,计算内外向、情绪稳定性、说谎分及精神质4个人格维度的粗分及量表分。结果:发放问卷322份,排除资料填写不完整的12份,回收有效问卷310份。其中男生144名,女生166。一年级72名,二年级66名,三年级84名,四年级88名。①310名医学生的多伦多述情障碍量表总分为(69.95±11.12)分,与常模比较[(65.70±7.98)分],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②大学一年级学生多伦多述情障碍量表总分平均为(71.56±7.96)分,二年级学生(69.81±9.47)分,三年级学生(67.34±6.57)分,四年级学生(69.97±7.54)分。各年级多伦多述情障碍量表总分均高于常模,4组间差异无显著性(F=2.038,P>0.05)。③女生多伦多述情障碍量表总分、外向型思维因子分高于男生[(71.65±9.47),(68.02±8.44)分;(19.86±3.98),(18.12±4.03)分,P<0.05],其他3个因子分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。④多伦多述情障碍量表总分,描述情感的能力,认识、区别情绪和躯体感受的能力,外向型思维因子评分均与内外向评分具有相关性(r=-0.287～-0.443,P=0.000);多伦多述情障碍量表总分,描述情感的能力,认识、区别情绪和躯体感受的能力,缺乏幻想评分与情绪稳定性评分具有相关性(r=-0.298～-0.432,P均=0.000);回归分析发现内外向对多伦多述情障碍量表作用较强。结论:在校医学生述情障碍特征不明显。人格特征越外向者,存在述情障碍的可能性越小。
AIM： To investigate the relationship between the alexithymia and the personality characteristics in medical students, further understand the property of alexithymia, and provide more evidences for dinicians and psychological counseling services.METHODS： On 20^th November 2005, a total of 322 medical students from different grades were picked out as survey subjects by cluster sampling. They were evaluated by Toronto Alexithymia Scale （TAS-26）, including 4 factors, namely I the ability of describing emotion, Ⅱ the ability of recognizing, distinguishing affective and somatic reception, Ⅲpoverty of fantasy, Ⅳextroversion of thinking. Every item was scored from 1 to 5 grades from completely disagree to wholly agree, and 11 items were scored inversely. The higher the score, the severer the alexithymia was. In addition, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） was adopted to test the personality characteristics of medical students in 4 personality dimensions of introversion/extroversion, stability of emotion, lying score and psychoticism. The rough scores and scale scores were used for test. RESULTS： Totally 322 questionnaires were distributed and 310 of them were effective, including 144 males and 166 females, 72 of Grade One, 66 of Grade Two, 84 of Grade Three and 88 of Grade Four. Twelve questionnaires were deleted due to incomplete filling.①The TAS total score of 310 medical students was （69.95±11.12） points, there was no significant difference compared with norms [（65.70±7.98） points, P 〉 0.05]. ②The TAS total score of first grade medical students was （71.56--7.96）, that of the second grade was （69.81±9.47）, that of third grade was （67.34±6.57）, that of fourth grade was （69.97±7.54）. The TAS total score of medical students was higher than that of norms （65.70±7.98）. And there was no significant difference among different grades （F =2.038, P 〉 0.05）.③The total TAS score and factorlV were higher in female students than in male students （71.65±9.47, 98.02±8.44; 19.86±3.98, 18.12±4.03, P 〈 0.05）, without significant differences about other three factors between male and female （P 〉 0.05）. ④ TAS total score and every factor （except factor Ⅲ ） score had significant negative correlations with introversion/extroversion of EPQ （r =0.256-0.443, P =0.000）. But except factor Ⅳ, other factors of TAS were correlated with stability of emotion （r =0.298-0.437, P =0.000）. Regression analysis demonstrated that the of EPQ had higher effects on the TAS score CONCLUSION： There is not obvious alexithymia in medical students indicate the less possibility of alexithymia.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第17期3260-3262,共3页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
