摘要
在晚清民初的历史语境里,中国传统的“文明”和“文化”概念先是大体经历了一个摆脱轻视物质、经济、军事方面的内容,形成内蕴进化理念的新的现代“文明”概念——广义的现代“文化”概念,再从另一维度部分地回归与“武化”、物质化相对的中国传统“文明”和“文化”的关键内涵,进而获取新的思想资源、重建一种新的狭义“文化”概念的过程,最终复构成了一个广、狭义内涵并存的、带有矛盾性的现代“文化”概念结构。这两个重要的现代概念形成和演变的过程,同时也是当时的中国人运用它们进行社会改革的实践过程。戊戌时期,现代“文明”概念已经在趋新士大夫中逐渐流行开来,并携带一系列现代性主导价值观念,成为维新运动得以全方位展开不容忽视的思想依托;而狭义“文化”概念的出现及其与广义概念的合构,则影响了五四新文化运动的进程。
In the historical discourse of late Qing and early Republican China, China's traditional concepts of 'civilization' and 'culture' underwent a transformation. First, they shed to a great extent their disdain for material, economic and military affairs, and formed a new and modern concept of 'civilization' (the modern concept of 'culture' in the broad sense) with an intrinsic idea of progress. Then-along another axis-they returned to some key elements of Chinese traditional 'civilization' and 'culture' as contrasted with 'militarization' and materialization, thereby gaining new conceptual resources and constructing a new concept of 'culture' in the narrow sense. Finally, they were re-formed into a contradictory conceptual structure of modern 'culture' encompassing both the broad and narrow senses. The process by which these two important concepts were formed and developed was also a process of practice through which the Chinese people at the time used them to reform society. During the Reformation of 1898, the modern concept of 'civilization' was already gradually gaining prevalence among progressive intellectuals, bringing with it a whole series of modern guiding values, and becoming an intellectual support for fully carrying out the reform movement that cannot be overlooked. At the same time, the emergence of the concept of 'culture' in the narrow sense, and its intertwining with the broader concept influenced the progression of the May Fourth New Culture Movement.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第6期1-34,共34页
Modern Chinese History Studies
