摘要
西藏高原平均海拔4500m以上,被称为地球第三极。它既具有世界上最恶劣的气候区——羌塘无人区,也有亚热带——西藏江南和热带——西藏西双版纳等多种环境条件。从东南到西北具备了从热带到寒带的全部气候变化,植物种类极其丰富多样,其中包括被认为是欧洲地中海沿岸和地中海型气候的顶极植被硬叶阔叶栎类,即高山栎(Quercus semicarpifolia)类。高山栎类是一起源古老的植物类群,光记录和发表的化石就有17种之多,是第三纪北半球最重要的孑遗树种。它的形态相似于冬青栎(Q.ilex)。
According to a great number of literature, this paper synthesized and evaluated the recent results and issues on the morphorlogical and geographical variations, intra and inter species diversity, origin and evolution of the sclcrophyllous oaks. We proposed that the morphorlogical variation of the sclerophyllous oaks was the result of the adaptive effect to the local environmental conditions, and the genetic variation had close rilations with the geographical and climatic conditions. Based on the study of alloenzymes and cpDNA in Quercus ilex, we suggested a further research on the systematic relationship, phylogeny, and origin of sclerophyllous oaks by using molecular methods, so as to discuss the related Tibet plateau elevation, the evolutionary changes betwecnsclerophyllous oaks in Tibet and Ouercus ilex around Mediterranean basin, at the same research level to the European countries.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第4期55-58,共4页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
