摘要
锂的标准电极电势 较同族碱金属元素低；相反地，与锂处于同一周期的元素铍的标准电极电势 却较同族碱土金属元素高，二者呈现不规则性。文中采用Ｂｏｒｎ－Ｈａｂｅｒ循环方法，把影响电极电势的各种热力学因素综合在一起，通过计算，找出二者的电极电势不规则的原因。并在此基础上，把影响电极电势的宏观因素──原子化热、电离能、水合能等因素与影响电极电势的微观因素──原子半径、离子半径、离子电荷等因素统一起来，进而对二者的标准电极电势不规则性做出全面分析，得出正确结论。
The is lower than standard electrode potentials of alkali metal elements in the same family;contrarily,the of beryllium and lithium is situated in the same period and is higher than standard electrode potentials of alkaline-earth elements. The two values mentioned above present irregularity.The standard and values of alkali and alkaline-earth metal elements are calculated using the Born-Haber cycle.A thermodynamic analysis and the cause of irregularity of and is sought out. On this basis,we integrate the macro-scopic factors(atomization heat,ionization energy,energy of hydration etc.)with the microcosmic factors (atomic radius, ionic radius,ionic charge etc.),and then analyse the irregularity of the two potentials mentioned above, the correct conclusion is reached.
出处
《大庆石油学院学报》
CAS
北大核心
1996年第4期36-39,共4页
Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute
关键词
标准电极电势
原子化热
电离能
水合能
锂
铍
standard electrode potential,atomization heat, ionization energy,energy of hydration
