摘要
《史记》中颇有一些“太史公曰”偏离了传记的主旨,显得言不由衷。“太史公曰”承“君子曰”而来,本应发挥裁决史实的责任,但汉代史官丧失了神权,而司马迁从个体命运出发的史著也脱离了史官传统。这些冠冕堂皇的“太史公曰”不过显示了司马迁的职业意识和对史官传统的依恋之情。《史记》“互见法”深受古史“十功不能赎一过”观念的影响。司马迁相信在其他传记中出现的过失记载,并不影响人们据本传而对人物所作出的评价。“互见法”的真正目的是为了求得人物在本传中道德和精神的明确单一,以便于评判,而这又与史官的撰述传统相联系。“互见法”显示了司马迁为遵从古史体制而对自己情感的抑制,也反映了史传由记事转而为述人的某种限制。
Quite a lot of ＂Tai Shi Gong says＂ in Records of Historian depart from the gist of biography which usually records historical facts. The lower position of official historians in Han Dynasty and SI Ma- qian＇s personal destiny result in SI Ma- qian＇s breaking away from the traditions of official historians. ＂Tai Shi Gong says＂ indicates SI Ma- qian＇s professional awareness and regret at the loss of the tradition of official historians. ＂Cross - reference＂ （two contrasting things exist side by side） is another writing style of SI Ma - qian in Records of Historian which actually aims at the unity of morality and spirit of characters in the biography and indicates SI Ma- qian＇ s emotional restraint for the sake of traditional ancient history system.
出处
《唐都学刊》
2006年第5期1-7,共7页
Tangdu Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(03BZW020)
关键词
《史记》
太史公曰
互见法
Records of Historian
＂Tai Shi Gong says＂
＂Cross- reference＂
