摘要
研究了不同施氮水平对高产麦田土壤硝态氮时空变化和氨挥发的影响．结果表明，高产麦田土壤硝态氮在播种至冬前阶段不断向深层移动，并在140cm以下土层积累．施纯氮96～168kg·hm^-2处理，增加了60cm以上土层土壤硝态氮含量，降低了土壤氮素表观损失量占施氮量的比例，提高了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量和籽粒产量，且土壤氨挥发损失较低，基施氮氨挥发损失占基施氮量的4．23％-5．51％；施氮量超过240kgN·hm^-2，促进了土壤硝态氮向深层的移动和积累，基施氮氨挥发损失、土壤氮素表观损失量及其占施氮量的比例均显著升高，对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量无显著影响，但籽粒产量降低．高产麦田适宜的氮素用量为132～204kgN·hm^-2．
The study showed that during the period from sowing to pre-wintering, the soil nitrate in high-yielding wheat field moved down to deeper layers, and accumulated in the layers below 140 cm. An application rate of 96 - 168 kg N·hm^-2 increased the nitrate content in 0 -60 cm soil layer and the wheat grain yield and its protein content, and decreased the proportion of apparent N loss to applied N and the ammonia volatilization loss from basal nitrogen. Applying 240 kg N · hm^-2 promoted the downward movement of soil nitrate and its accumulation in deeper layers, increased the proportion of apparent N loss to applied N and the ammonia volatilization loss from basal nitrogen, had no significant effect on the protein content of wheat grain, but decreased the grain yield. The appropriate application rate of nitrogen on high-yielding wheat field was 132 - 204 kg N · hm^-2.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第9期1593-1598,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2002BA516A12)
国家自然科学基金项目(30471026)
山东农业大学青年科技创新基金资助项目.
关键词
小麦
氮
土壤
硝态氮
氨挥发
Wheat, Nitrogen, Soil, Nitrate, Ammonia volatilization.
