摘要
艾滋病病毒的变异度相当大,已经演化成各种不同亚型。欧洲和美洲主要流行B亚型；西非和中非主要流行A亚型和A/G重组型；南非和东非及印度、尼泊尔和中国已经形成C亚型的流行；D亚型局限于东非和中非,南非和西非存在少数散发病例。E亚型总是以A/E重组株形式出现,流行于泰国、菲律宾、中国和中非；在中非、南美和东欧已发现F亚型；G和A/G重组亚型已在西非、东非和中欧观察到；H亚型、J亚型、K亚型分别在中非、中美洲和民主刚果、喀麦隆检测到。北京国际旅行卫生保健中心艾滋病确认实验室已从中国籍出入境HIV感染者中检测到A、B、C、D、F、G、CRF01-AE、02-AG、07-BC、08-BC病毒株；从非中国籍出入境HIV感染者中检测到A、B、C、F、CRFAC、01-AE、02-AG、06-CPX、07-BC、10-CPX多种亚型的病毒株。将这些重要的分子生物的信息列入常规监测内容,可以敏感地提示HIV流行信息,对于新的HIV亚型毒株的传人可以及早发现,并可为艾滋病病毒的研制、诊断试剂的更新换代、治疗药物的评估、预测HIV流行趋势提供有意义的数据。在预防和控制艾滋病方面发挥重要作用。
HIV hasd numerous genetic variatiom and has evolved to many subtypes. B has been the predominant species in Europe and Americas. A and A/G recombinant variants predominate in west and central Africa. C is largely predominant in southern and eastern Africa, India, and Nepal. Clade C has also created the recent epicenters of HIV pandemic in China. D is generally limited to east and central Africa, with sporadic cases observed in southern and western Africa. E has never materialized alone, but rather appears as an ME mosaic detected in Thailand, the Philippines, China and central Africa. F has been reported in central Africa, South America and Eastern Europe. G and A/G recombinant viruses have been observed in western and eastern Africa as well as central Europe. H has only been detected in central Africa. J has been reported exclusively in Central America. K has recently been identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Cameroon. In the HIV identification laboratory of Beijing International Travel Healthcare Center, many subtypes have been detected in entry - exit individuals of HIV - 1 carriers. There were a total of ten different subtypes （ subtype A,B,C,D,F,G and CRF01 - AE,02 - AG,07 - BC,08 - BC） in entry - exit individuals of HIV - 1 carriers from China. There were subtype A,B,C,F,CRFAC,01 - AE,02 - AG,06 - CPX,07 - BC,18 - CPX in entry - exit individuals of HIV- 1 carriers from foreigners. A routine HIV genetic diversity surveillance system involving the important molecular biological information would semitively report the HIV epidemics, detect the initial introduction of the new HIV variants, provide useful data for vaccine development, the development of new diagnostic reagents, evaluation of antiretroviral drugs and prediction of the trend of HIV epidemic. HIV genetic diversity surveillance in China frontier using molecular and epidemiological approaches may play an important role in HIV/AIDS prevention and control .
出处
《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》
CAS
2006年第B08期146-150,共5页
Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine
