摘要
本文从人口与资源、生态环境等方面,简要地探讨了我国国情与农村经济发展的趋向,论述了人口与资源、环境的制约因素。认为只有通过严格控制人口,强化人力开发利用;节约资源,增加投入,挖掘潜力;增强环境保护意识,推行综合防治措施等有效途径,辩证地处理好生存与发展的关系,才能保证我国农村经济获得持续稳定协调发展。
The aim of this paper is to probe into China's national conditions and the development of rural economy from the viewpoints of population, resources and environment. China is a vast country with eleven hundred million population, but short of per capita amount of natural resources and national income, backward in both educational and productive levels. For the time being, China is at its elementary stage of socialism, characterized by the alternation of two systems of organization and the co-existence of diversified economic sectors, thus constituting the basic pattern of China's national condition.
Only by correctly handling the dialectical relationship between existence and development, making unremitting efforts and putting into effect the following counter-measures can we extricate ourselves from a predicament and march forward towards the rural economic prosperity.
(1) The strict restraining of the birth peaks of rural population and the strengthening of the exploitation and utilization of manpower are the pressing matters of the day;
(2) In the rational utilization of agricultural natural resources, measures should be taken to increase investment, economize on consumption, put an end to waste and try in every possible way to bring the potential of natural resources into play;
(3) On the problem of grain shortage, it should be settled by means of the adjustment of grain prices, the increase of yield per unit area and the measures to open up more sources and regulate the flow;
(4) The issue of employment for rural surplus labourers can only be settled by relying on making great efforts in a planned way to promote production, appropriately readjust the policies concerning industrialization and urbanalization and the relationship between town and country;
(5) In the face of the increasing worsening of environment and being affected both in production and in livelihood, we should heighten our conciousness and education of environmental protection and take effective steps for comprehensive prevention and control.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第3期257-263,共7页
Acta Geographica Sinica
关键词
人口
资源
生态环境
经济
国情
National condition
Rural economy
Existence and development
Popula-tion
Resources
Eco-environment
