摘要
目的探讨重症监护病房（ICU）老年患者下呼吸道感染的病原体分布及其耐药情况。方法收集2004年7～12月入住ICU的73例老年患者的痰标本进行细菌学培养及药物敏感性试验。结果老年患者下呼吸道感染发病率高，广谱抗生素使用是细菌耐药的主要原因之一。73例老年患者中35例痰病原学阳性，共分离出菌株71株，其中产ESBL菌株15株。下呼吸道中最常见病原体为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、真菌。在71株病原体中，G^-杆菌占39．7％，G^＋菌占37、6％，真菌占22．7％。结论ICU内老年患者下呼吸道感染的病原体以G^-杆菌为主，病原体显示多重耐药。亚胺培南对G^-杆菌敏感性较好，而万古霉素对G^＋菌有较高的敏感性，氟康唑对常见真菌的敏感性较好。
Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance in senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection in general intensive care unit. Methods The sputum specimen from the patients admitted from July to December 2004 were collected to conducted microbial cultivation and drug sensitive test. Results The morbidity of lower respiratory tract infection was high. The use of broad - spectrum antibiotics was one of the common causes. A total of 35 cases out of 73 patients were positive in sputum etiology, with 71 strains isolated. Including 15 Extended - spectrum β -lactamases -producing strains （ESBL）. The most common pathogenic microorganisms in lower respiratory tract were Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Staphlococcus Epidermidis and Fungi. Among 71 strains, 39. 7 % were Gram- negative bacteria, 37. 6% were Gram positive cocci and 22.7% were fungi. Conclusion Gram - negative bacteria, which present with multi - drug resistant pattern, were the most common pathogenic microorganisms in senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection, Gram- negative bacteria were sensitive to Imipenem, Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Vanco- mycin, and common fungi were sensitive to Fluconazole.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第17期1422-1424,共3页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
重症监护病房
医院内感染
细菌耐药性
Intensive care units
Hospital infection
Drug resistance, bacteria
