摘要
目的为了了解皖苏两省地下煤矿环境中的放射性水平，对两省煤炭主采区的地下煤矿进行抽样调查。方法同时采用瞬时法和短期积累（活性炭被动吸收）法测量井下氡浓度，直接和热释光法测量γ辐射剂量率，并对煤及矸石进行取样分析。结果两省4个典型煤矿的井下氡浓度为6．6～102．3Bq/m^3，γ辐射剂量率为9×10^-8～24×10^-8Gy／h，煤及矸石的^238U为74．6～135．6Bq／kg、^226Ra为55．8～98．3Bq／kg、^232Th为18．4～112．8Bq/kg、^40K为41．6～544．3Bq／kg。估算地下煤矿矿工接受的有效剂量为0．22～1．05mSv／a，其中氡及其子体产生的剂量为0．04～0．57mSv／a，γ外照射产生的剂量为0．18～0．48mSv／a，两省总的集体剂量为91．7人·Sv／万t。结论煤矿井下工作人员的辐射照射问题值得关注。
Objective To find out the radiological level of underground coal mine in Anhui and Jiangsu. Methods The radon was measured by instantaneous and short - term accumulation （passive activated absorption） methods. Meanwhile, gamma radiological dose rate was measured directly or by thermoluminescence dosimeter, furthermore, the coal and waste rock were sampled for additioual analyses. Results The investigation results of 4 typical underground coal mines indicate that, radon concentration is between 6.6 and 102.3Bq/m^3, γ radiologieal dose rate between 9×10^-8 and 24×10^-8 Gy/h, and the content of ^238U, ^226Ra, ^232Th, and ^40K in coal and waste rock are 74.6 to 135.6Bq/kg, 55.8 to 98.3Bq/kg, 18.4 to 112.8Bq/kg, and 41.6 to 544.3Bq/kg respectively. The effective dose received by coal miners is estimated to be 0.22 to 1.05mSv/a, in which 0.04 to 0.57mSv/a is from radon and its progeny, the rest is from γ radiation, the collective dose is 9.17 person·Sv per thousand tonne coal. Conclusion The radiological exposure of underground coal miners is worth to be paid attention.
出处
《中国辐射卫生》
北大核心
2006年第3期260-262,共3页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health
基金
国家"十五"重点项目(HHAQ2.4)
关键词
地下煤矿
辐射照射
氡及其子体
Γ辐射
有效剂量
Underground Coal Mine
Radiological Exposure
Radon and its Progeny
Gamma Radiation
Effective Dose
