摘要
话题性结构成分在汉语句子里面十分常见,种类多样,地位特殊,但其句法身份到底是什么,多年以来众说纷纭,尚无定论。本文首先归纳总结了自马建忠以来的众多语言学家对话题成分的处理意见,把它们大致分为“类起词”说、“外位”说、“主语”说、和“话题”说。然后,在分析这些观点存在的问题和不足的基础上,本文尝试提出“题语”构想,主张题语是一个和主语位于同一层面的句法概念,并和主语一起对应于语用或者话语层面的话题性成分。
Various topic sentences which are frequently used in Mandarin Chinese and Chinese dialects play a special role in daily communication. Such 'topic-comment' structures have attracted considerable attention over the past years and no consensus has thus far been reached with respect to their syntactic status. The present paper begins by summarizing those important viewpoints held by linguists, which can be categorized into four types: quasi-subject, extraposition, subject, and topic. Then, a critical analysis of their strengths and limitations is conducted. Finally, in an attempt to find a solution to the long-lasting problem of 'topic or subject', we put forward a theoretical framework, in which topject is introduced as a syntactic notion and, along with the notion of subject, both function as the syntactical counterparts of discoursal or pragmatic topics.
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第3期239-247,共9页
Modern Foreign Languages
