摘要
内蒙古河套灌区由于气候和水文地质条件影响，外排水不畅。地下水位超过临界水位，土壤次生盐渍化严重。河套灌区续建配套和节水改造是防治土壤盐渍化根本工程措施。根据1987～1997年期间的水盐均衡计算。河套灌区，整体处于积盐过程。灌区荒地和低洼湿地有排水积盐作用，从而减轻耕地盐渍化，通过蒸发，可积聚进入灌区盐分的65％。这种干排盐技术，可作为灌区农田土壤盐渍化脱盐的一项重要措施。调整河套灌区种植结构，选择耐盐作物品种种植，可起生物排盐作用，增加土壤有机质，抑制土壤积盐。
Hetao irrigating area of Inner Mongolia is a major irrigated area in the upper reaches of the Huanghe （Yellow） River. Affected by arid climate and special hydrogeology, with unfavorable drainage networks, underground water table rises to and above critical depth, which leads to salinity and waterlogging. It is necessary for Hetao irrigating area to undergone the water-saving and modification project for salinity and waterlogging controlling. In the Hetao irrigating area by quantitatively assessing the input and output of water and salinity, it has been calculated that saline accumulation reaches 1. 6826 × 10^6 t annually. The desert or fallow areas in the Hetao irrigating area have the function of salts accumulation with the aid of evaporation to prevent the cultivated land from salinity, and these salts accumulation accounts for 65% of the salts that are introduced to irrigated land with the irrigation water from the Huanghe River, which are also much more than the amount of salts drainage to the Wuliangshu Lake. The dry drainage technique should be developed for the controlling of salinity and waterlogging in Hetao irrigating area. It has also been shown that adjusting planting structure to growing salt-tolerant native and introducing species for grazing and forage use could improve profitability of more saline soils, promote fertile procession,restrain the effect of salt in the arable land.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期455-460,共6页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家"十五"攻关项目(№.2005BA517A02)资助
关键词
水盐均衡
干排水脱盐
内蒙古河套灌区
water-salt balance
dry drainage desalting
Hetao irrigation area
Inner Mongolia
