摘要
为整体地分析中蒙干旱半干旱区（中蒙干旱区）夏季气温的时空变化特征，利用中蒙干旱区内分布相对均匀的104个站点（包括5个“人造站”）1961—1997年7月的平均地面气温资料等，首先分析了该区夏季的平均气温场、气温年较差及日较差等背景；然后，对标准化的7月平均气温距平资料分别作了EOF和REOF分析。结果表明：（1）中蒙干旱区夏季的热量资源充足。夏季气温场分布的区域性特色更明显。（2）受纬度、地形高度及远离海洋等的影响，中蒙干旱区地面气温的年较差大，日较差也大，呈典型大陆性气候（大陆度高）的特色，但是区内的夏季气温年际变化小。（3）根据气温的EOF分析，中蒙干旱区夏季气温异常可粗分为全区一致型、准东西差异型、准南北差异型及准东北一西南差异型等4种常见分布模态；再根据REOF分析，可将该区夏季气温异常进一步细分为青海高原、高原东北侧、南疆、北疆、陕西甘南区、蒙古国西北部及东南部等7个分区。（4）近37年来，中蒙干旱区夏季气温增暖主要出现在高原东北侧和南疆区，强度比冬春季弱；在青海高原及蒙古国东南部气温还在变凉，区内各分区夏季气温变化也约有3～4年的周期。
To analyze the temporal and spatial change features of the surface air temperature over China-Mongolia Arid and Semi-arid Area （CMASA） as a whole, the July mean air temperature field and their annual- and diurnal- ranges have first been analyzed, and the Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） and Rotated EOF （REOF） analysis technique have then been conducted utilizing the observed July surface air temperature data from the 104 even-distributed stations selected over the CMASA during the period of 1961--1997. The main results are as follows. （1） There are full of heat climate source over the CMASA in summer. The regional feature of the mean temperature is more clearer in summer than that in winter. （2） Because of the impact of the latitude, terrain height and inland, the summer temperature variation over CMASA show both the large annual- and diurnal- ranges, it is characterized by the typical continental climate, ie the highly continentality and but with the small year to year variation. （3） According to the EOF analyses, the summer temperature anomaly distribution over CMASA were divided into four main modes as the first proximity, with the same temperature anomaly in the entire area, with the different ones in the east and west, in the south and north, and also in the northeast and southwest; and again according to the REOF analyses, the summer temperature anomaly patterns were, in some more detail, divided into seven subregions further. Qinghai Plateau Region, One on the northeast side of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Southern and Northern-Xinjiang, Shaanxi and Southern Gansu, Northwestern- and Southeastern-Mongolia. （4） In the past 37 years, the summer warming of CMASA occurs mainly in the Region on the northeast side of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Southern Xinjiang. The warming over CMASA in summer is less than that in winter and spring. Also the summer temperature changes have the period of three to four years.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期624-632,共9页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40175022
40475039)资助
