摘要
城市的发展是一种自组织过程,无论东方城市抑或西方城市概莫例外。自组织是城市演化背后的一只“看不见的手”。城市系统构成可以划分为三种成分:随机成分、可预测成分和受控成分,中央计划和城市规划主要是对控制成分而言。城市或者城市体系是否自组织系统,可以借助三个临界指标进行检测:一是时间尺度的1/f涨落,二是空间尺度的分形结构,三是等级尺度的济夫(Zipf)定律。计算表明,中国的城市化过程、城市体系的空间网络和位序-规模分布分别服从这三个定量判据。由此可以得出结论:中国的城市具有自组织系统的演化特征,这对我们今后的城市规划工作具有重要的指导意义。
This paper points out that the development of cities is a process of self-organization. Self-organization is an invisible hand manipulating the evolution of cities, which is a universal law for all the cities in the world. The composition of a city system can be divided into three components： ran- dom components, predictable components, and those under control. Plan of central government and city planning belongs to the category of the components under control. There are three critical indices to test whether the city system is a self-organized system： the 1/f fluctuation in the dimension of time, the divisional structure in the dimension of space, and the Zipf law in the dimension of ranking. The calculationshows that the urbanization process of Chinese cities the space network of city system and ranking-scale, rule accord with these three quantitive criteria. As result, the conclusion that Chinese cities are charac terized by the self-organized evolution can be drawn which has a significant guidance meaning in our future work of city planning.
出处
《城市规划》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第8期24-30,共7页
City Planning Review
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40335051
40371039)。
