摘要
用３７个小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ）品种（系）为母本，分别与黑麦（Ｓｅｃａｌｅｃｅｒｅａｌｅ）、球茎大麦（Ｈｏｒｄｅｕｍｂｕｌｂｏｓｕｍ）、玉米（Ｚｅａｍａｙｓ）和鸭茅状摩擦禾（Ｔｒｉｐｓａｃｕｍｄａｃｔｙｌｏｉｄｅｓ）杂交，比较其亲和性，小麦和玉米或鸭茅状摩擦禾杂交比小麦与黑麦或球茎大麦杂交的亲和性显著提高。携带着显性Ｋｒ１和Ｋｒ２基因的小麦品种Ｈｏｐｅ与黑麦杂交，不能形成胚，而与玉米及鸭茅状摩擦禾杂交时，成胚率分别达１６．００％和３２．５０％。表明控制小麦与黑麦及球茎大麦杂交亲和性的Ｋｒ基因系统在小麦与玉米及小麦与鸭茅状摩擦禾属间杂交中失活。讨论了还存在有其它控制小麦属间杂交亲和性的遗传调控系统的可能性。
A comparison of the crossabilities of 37 varieties and lines of wheat with Secale cereale, Hordeum bulbosum, Zea mays and Tripsacum dactyloides is described.The crossabilities of the wheat varieties and lines showing low crossabilities with rye and Hordeum bulbosum were increased when crossed with maize and Tripsacum dactyloides.Wheat variety'Hope'carrying genes Kr1 and Kr2 which was non-crossable with rye gave 16.00 % and 32.50% crossabilities with maize and Tripsacum dactyloides respectively. The results indicated that the world-wide spead Kr genes, which markedly reduce the crossabilities in wheat×rye and wheat×Hordeum bulbosum crosses, are inactive in wheat×maize and wheat×Tripsacum dactyloides crosses. The use of wheat ×maiz and wheat×Tripsacum dactyloides crosses for wheat haploids production and wheat improrvment, and the possibility of other genetic systems involved in the genetic control of the crossabilites of wheat interspecific crosses are discussed.
基金
中国科学院"八五"重大科研项目
