摘要
栽培稗草(Echinochloa frumentacea.Echinochloa utilis)属于禾本科稗属。目前仅有的两个栽培种中,E.frumentacea起源于印度,由E.colona驯化而来;E.utilis起源于日本,由E.crus-galli的六倍体变种驯化而来,它们的染色体数目均为n=27,为喜温喜湿短日照植物。E.utilis的花序有节,小穗排列紧密。E.frumentacea的花序直立,小穗多呈4排排列在主穗轴上。与E.frumentacea相比,E.utilis的叶片较大,发育速度快,干物质积累量多,但再生能力较差。施肥可以提高产量和营养成分含量。一般条件下,高温可促进生长发育,提早成熟,光照延长使分蘖,抽穗推迟。
The cultivated barnyard grass (Echinochloa frumentacea and Echlohloa utilis) belongs to Genus Echinochloa. In the two culitivated species which is all of the cultivated species now, E. frument tacea demesticated from E. colona and originated from Indin, and E. utilis from the hexaploid varieties of E. crus-galli and from Japan. They possess n=27 chromosome and belong to shortday plant which are warm and moisture—loving plant. Inflorescences of E. frumentacea are usually erect, with the spikelets arranged in 4 irregular rows on the triquetrous rachis. But to E. utilis, they are erect or slightly nodding, with spikelets densely crowed. Compared with E.frumentacea, leaf blades of E.utilis are larget and its growth development is faster and dry yield is higher than E. frumentacea. But regrowth of E. utilis is not good as E. frumentacea. Applying fertilizer can increase their hay yields and improve forage quality. Generally high temperature could promote the growth and development of plants, and mature period is ahead of time. Tillering and heading put off with delaying light.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第5期21-24,共4页
Pratacultural Science
