摘要
对我国部分国产和引进的禾草品种进行了种带内生真菌的检验。自检验的22属,48种,84个种样的国产禾草中,发现6种7个种样的种子中含有内生真菌,按带菌率的高低,它们依次是:产自甘肃山丹县的中华羊茅(Fustuca sinensis):100%;产自甘肃天祝县的紫羊茅(F.rubra):80%;产自新疆阿勒泰的布顿大麦草(Hordeumbodganii):18%;产自青海省的羊草(Leymus chinensis):12%;产自甘肃省甘南州的大雀麦(Bromus magnus):10%;产自甘肃省的无芒雀麦(B.inermis):6.0%和产自甘肃甘南州的中华羊茅:4.5%。这是中国产禾草种带内生真菌的首次正式报导。对引自美国和加拿大的6属,16种,51品种,70个禾草种样的检验结果表明,引进禾草的种带内生真菌率达检验样品数的40%,即共28个种样带菌,分属于4属,8种,20个品种。多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)的带菌率最高,为该种受检种样数的75%,其中又以来自加拿大的品种Saturn的带菌率最高为92%,来自美国的不知名称的品种的带菌率最低仅9.0%。羊茅属(Festuca)的带菌率仅次于黑麦草属,带菌种样占该属检验种样数的41.7%,其中来自加拿大的硬羊茅(F.ovina var.auriuscula)品种SR—300的带菌率为100%,而来自美国的不知品种名称的紫羊茅带菌率仅为4%。自剪股颖属(Agrostis)和早熟禾属(Poa)中各仅发现1种1个种样带菌,带菌率分别为2.0%和16%。
Levels of endophytic fungi infection in seed samples of some grass species which are either native in China or introduced from USA or Canada were determined. The results showed that among 22 genera, 48 species and 84 seed samples of native grass tested, endophyte was detected in seed of 7 samples belonging to 6 species. They are, in order of decreasing incidence, Festuca sincensis(100%), F. rubra(80%), Hoderum bogdanii (18%), Leymus chinensis(12%), Bromus magnus(10%), B. inermis(6.0%), and another ecotype of F. sincensis (4.5%). The percentage of seed infection in the introduced species was much higher than that in the native species, which is up to 40% of total 70 seed samples tested which belong to 6 genera, 16 species and 51 varieties. Among them 75% of ryegrass(Lolium perenne) samples was found to contain endophyte with the highest infection (92%) detected in the seeds of cv. Saturn from Canada and the lowest (9.0%) obtained from an unknown American variety. For the species of Festuca, 41.7% of seed sampls tested contained endophyte with the highest rate(100%) found in the seeds of hard fescue(F. ovina var. auriuscula cv. SR—300), and the lowest (4.4%) in an unknown American variety of F. rubra. Whereas only one sample in each of genus of Agrostis and Poa tested was found containing endophyte with the infection of 2.0% and 16%, respectively.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
1996年第2期1-8,共8页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金
国家人事部留学归国人员基金资助项目
关键词
禾草
内生真菌
种带真菌
黑麦草
羊草
中国
Grass, endophyte, fungi of seed infection, Lolium prenne, Leymus chinensis, Hordeum bodganni, China
