摘要
以单作玉米和单作花生为对照,研究了间作玉米花生功能叶片的光合速率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)的日变化以及叶绿素含量。结果表明,间作提高了玉米、花生叶绿素含量,其光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线,中午达到最大值;玉米南北行向种植东侧功能叶片的光合速率,上午间作明显大于单作,下午相反;间作明显提高了玉米阴天和晴天的光合速率,却明显降低了花生光合速率;在晴天,间作玉米花生的Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ日变化均呈倒抛物线,上午间作玉米明显大于单作的,下午相反,间作明显提高了花生的Fv/Fm,中午花生的ΦPSⅡ间作低于单作,上午和下午反之;阴天的Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ,间作玉米除中午小于外,上午和下午均大于单作玉米,间作花生全天均高于单作花生,说明玉米花生间作提高了花生对弱光的吸收利用效率。
Intercropping is popular cropping system in high-yielding production of food and feed in the world, which is more productive than monocropping because of the intensive utilization of natural resources, such as light, heat, water and fertilizer. Maize-peanut intercropping as an importance cultivated pattern is extended rapidly. Although many researches on intercropping pattern, field microclimate, yield benefit and amelioration of peanut iron nutrition in maize-peanut intercropping system have been conducted. There are a few researches on the use efficiency of light in the photosynthesis characteristic of compound population. The experiment was carried out to investigate the diurnal changes of photosynthetic rate, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ （ ΦPSⅡ ）, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ （ Fv/ Fm ） and chlorophyll content in the intercropping system of maize-peanut. The results showed that the chlorophyll content was enhanced by intercropping and the diurnal change of photosynthetic rate in intercroppod maize and peanut was in a single-peak curve, which reached the maximum value at noon. The photosynthetic rate of intercroppod maize （the east leaf by spike in the east row） was higher （the east leaf of spike in a row） in the morning and lower in the afternoon than that of sole cropped maize （Fig. 1, Fig. 3 ） . In sunshine and cloudy days, the photosynthetic rate was obviously enhanced in maize, but decreased in peanut by intercropping. In sunshine days, the diurnal changes of Fv/Fm and ΦPsⅡ of intercroppod maize-peanut were like a converse parabola, the Fv/Fm and ΦPsⅡ of intercroppod maize were much higher than those of sole cropped maize in the morning and on the contrary in the afternoon （Fig.4, Fig.7）, the Fv/Fm of poanut was markedly enhanced by intercropping（Fig.5）, the ΦPSⅡ of intercroppod peanut was higher than that of sole cropped peanut in a whole day except at noon （Fig.8）.In cloudy days, the Fv/Fm, ΦPSⅡ of maize were much lower in intercropping than in sole cropping in a whole day except at noon, but the Fv/Fm, ΦPSⅡ of intercropped peanut were much higher than those of sole cropped peanut（ Fig. 6, Fig. 9）. The results suggested that the absorption and utilization weak light in peanut is improved by maize-peanut intercropping.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期917-923,共7页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
山东省财政厅财政支农项目(重点粮食作物优良品种及节本增效种植技术推广)
关键词
玉米
花生
间作
叶绿素含量
光合特性
Maize
Peanut
Intercrop
Chlorophyll content
Photosynthetic characteristic
