摘要
针对目前开发建设项目水土保持方案编制对水流失问题存在缺位的现象,阐述了开发建设项目造成水流失的形式与后果,以陕北侏罗纪煤田开发排水为例,分析了流失数量、污染程度、影响范围、影响时间,提出了水流失的防治思路和恢复标准。防治思路:一是改变目前采矿工艺,采用永久性顶板支护,保证采空区不塌陷,上层含水体结构不受破坏;二是采用地下排水,恢复补偿疏空区用水,解决回灌问题。按照防治思路,结合目前我国节水技术发展水平,分别给出了该矿区农业用水、生态用水、人畜用水的恢复标准。
According to the shortcomings in schemes compiling of soil and water conservation for development and construction projects,forms and negative effect of soil and water losing in development and construction projects were expounded firstly.Combining case study of coal mine exploitation,amount of water losing,pollution degree,affected scope and time were analyzed.And then,control measures and restoration standard of water losing were put forward.And control measures include two aspects: the first is to change the current mining techniques,adopt permanent top board supporting technique to ensure no subsiding in mining area,so that upper aquifer layer could not be destroyed;and the second is to adopt under drainage technique to renew and compensate using water,it could solve issue of water recharging to some extent.According to the control measures and the present water-saving technology level,restoration standard of agricultural water demand,ecological water demand,and domestic water demand were estimated.
出处
《中国水土保持》
北大核心
2006年第6期8-10,共3页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
关键词
建设项目
方案编制
水流失
水土保持
污染程度
development and construction projects
scheme compiling
water losing
soil and water conservation
