摘要
维持系统的生态功能是生态调控的主要目的,因此基于生态功能空间差异性的生态调控研究,具有更强的针对性的可操作性。青海省境内沿黄地区是黄河的源头区,对水源涵养、生物多样性维持等起着无可替代的作用,但目前该区面临着水源涵养能力下降,生物多样性减少等生态功能损失。本着恢复生态系统功能的目的,在生态功能区划的基础上,依据主导性原则,按各生态功能区所占面积比例,将研究区确定为黄河源生态功能区和青海东部生态功能区。前者的主要生态功能是水源涵养和生物多样性维持,后者则是水土保持和荒漠化控制。从生态功能损失的机理看,前者水热矛盾突出,自然因素限制,而后者则由于人为干扰强度过大。基于生态功能空间差异性分析,以生态调控理论为指导,针对不同功能区特点提出了以“保”和“建”为主导思想的生态调控方案。黄河源区以保护为主,加强对自然保护区和现有林地的管理,对草地沿环境梯度实行分区治理。青海东部区以建设为主,通过水土治理工程和植被综合恢复工程,实现生态调控目标。
The aim of ecological regulation is to maintain the ecological function. Therefore,the research based on spatial analysis of ecological function is pertinent and operable. The area along Yellow River in Qinghai Province is headstream of Yellow River, with the ecological function of protecting water source and biodiversity. Recent studies provide much information on ecosystem frangibility and ecosystem degradation. Few studies have been conducted on theory and methods of spatial variability of ecological function.The research district is divided into two regions, that is, Source regions of Yellow River and eastern part of Qinghai Province. The runoff in these regions accounts for 83.9 percent of the runoff of the Yellow River. The rare and endangered species is over 90 percent of the whole province. Therefore, its main ecological function is to protect water source and eco-diversity. However,the later is key to soil and water conservation, which is disturbed seriously by human activities. Under the guidance of theory of ecological regulation this paper provides recommendations for ecological recovery and environment protection in different ecological regions. In the source regions of Yellow River, the grassland is divided into three sorts including grazing-inhibition area （more than 4 500m above sea level）, grazing-rotation area （4 000m - 4 500m above sea level ） and cultivated grassland area under （ less than 4 000m ）. The suggestion was made to strengthen protection of the natural reserve, forest and grassland in this region. Combining with the landform gradient, the method of construction was offered in the later region, including implementation of the project of soil and water loss control and vegetation recovery. In the future, more attentions should be paid to exploration of both the spatial variation and the nature characters, and improvement of ecological function.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期80-86,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(编号:2003CB415104)
国家科技攻关项目(编号:2002BA901A34)
关键词
生态调控
生态功能
空间分异
青海沿黄地区
Ecological regulation
Ecological function
Spatial variability
Yellow River
Qinghai Province
