摘要
现代海洋地质地球化学研究表明，海底活动热泉和某些海底矿床的形成可能与洋脊地区发生的海水─玄武岩反应有关。本文在２５０─５００℃、１００ＭＰａ下实验研究了海水─玄武岩反应中矿物蚀变和金属淋滤问题，并讨论了海底矿化的可能机理。实验结果揭示，经与海水反应后玄武岩受到强烈的蚀变和淋滤，且蚀变矿物组合和重金属淋滤量受实验温度和水岩比值的控制。在４５０℃和ｗ／ｒ≤５时，海水─玄武岩反应生成的溶液在Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ含量和酸碱度上均与现代海底矿化热泉相似，反应形成的矿物组合亦与热泉蚀变矿物相当。实验结果支持现代海底热泉矿化是由一定条件下海水与玄武岩反应形成的看法。
Recent oceanogeological and geochemical studies demonstrate that some active hot springs and submarine ore deposits are related to the sea water-basalt interaction occurring in the ocean ridge area. This paper discusses the experimental results of the alteration and leaching of basalts during sea water-basalt interaction at 250─500℃and 100 MPa, as well as the possible mechanism of submarine mineralization. The results show that basalts may be strongly altered and leached after being exposed to sea water, and the produced mineral assemblages and the amount of leached heavy metals are mainly controlled by temperature and the sea water to basalt ratio. The solution obtained from sea water-basalt interaction at 450℃ and W /r≤5 is similar to the mineralizing hot spring of the modern active ocean ridge in the concentration of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn and in acidity. It is concluded that the hot spring mineralization on the ocean bottom may be formed by sea water-basalt. interaction.
出处
《地球化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第1期53-62,共10页
Geochimica
关键词
水岩反应
海底热泉
实验研究
玄武岩
海水
water-rock interaction
submarine hot spring
experimental study
