摘要
目的抑郁症患者的心理防御机制和人格特征及其影响因素。方法分别运用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ），应对行为调查表，生活环境调查表，社会支持量表对75名抑郁症患者进行测试，并与60名正常人进行对照研究。结果（1）抑郁症患者更多采用不成熟和中间型防御机制（P〈0．05）。防御机制与人格特征存在着一定的相关性（P〈0．05）。（2）四种防御机制的性别差异不显著。但部分条目男女差异较大，文化程度、病程、职业、住院时间和疗效对防御方式的影响比较明显。（3）抑郁症组平均应激强度明显高于对照组（P〈0．05），且抑郁症组应激时所采取的应对行为与对照组存在显著差异。（4）抑郁症组的社会支持满意度明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论（1）抑郁症患者更多地使用不成熟防御机制，存在病态人格，且二者之间存在明显相关性。（2）四种防御机制的性别差异不显著，文化程度、病程、职业、住院时间和疗效对防御机制的影响比较明显。（3）生活事件与抑郁症状的发生可能存在直接的关系。（4）抑郁症患者的社会支持系统满意度盖。
Objective To investigate the depression patients＇defense mechanism and their personality character and affecting factors, and to study the correlationships into them. Methods 75 depression patients were tested with Eysenck Personality Questionnidre （EPQ） and Copying- behavior Scale, Environment of Life and Social Support Rating. The result was compared with that of 60 normal controls. Results （ 1 ） The depression patients＇defense mechanisms are significantly different from the normal control and the score of Neurotic styles and Immature styles is high （ p 〈 0.05 ）. The patients＇ defense mechanisms are related to their personality character. （2）There were no significant differences on four defense mechanisms, the defense style was associated with many factors. （ 3 ） The average stress level of depression patients was significantly higher than that of normal controls （ p 〈 0.05）, when two groups faced the same stress, which indicated their coping styles were significantly different. （4） The level of satisfaction with social support in depression group was significantly lower than that in control group （p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion （ 1 ） The depression patients＇defense mechanisms are significantly different from the normal control and they are related to their personality character. （2）There were no significant differences on four defense mechanisms, the defense style was associated with many factors. （3） There may be an association between life event stress and depression disorders. （4）The satisfaction with social support system in depressive patients is poor.
关键词
抑郁症
防御机制
人格特征
影响因素
相关性
Depression Stress
Defense mechanism
Personality character
Affecting factor
Correlationship
