摘要
通过近三年的野外观察和实验揭示了活血丹的盗蜜者为中华木蜂.但其雌雄个体具有不同的访花特性和影响.雄蜂的体形稍小,访花频率是雌蜂的4倍,单花访问时间较雌蜂短(2.18 s/7.48 s),但在一个居群的单次访花数却是雌蜂的5倍(42.48/8.81),对被盗蜜花的损伤也较雌蜂低;在开放条件下,被雌雄木蜂访问过的花的座果率有明显差异(34.72%/73.59%).结果表明,体形大小的差异可能是活血丹的花冠管长度、硬度及单花产蜜量仅能适应雄蜂的盗蜜,不适应雌蜂盗蜜的主要原因,对食物资源的合理利用可能导致了中华木蜂雌雄个体在对活血丹的取食行为上发生了分化,并对其花部进化施加了不同的选择压力.
Studies over three years in natural population shown that as nectar robbers of Glechoma longituba, male carpenter bee of Xylocopa sinensis is smaller than the female one. Moreover, detailed studies indicated that male and female bees have different behavior and effects when visiting flowers. For example, the visit frequency in a certain population for male bees was 4 times than that of female ones; average duration of single visit was shorter for male bees than female bees （2.18 s vs. 7.48 s）, and the visited flower number during a bout for male individuals is significantly more than that of female individual （42.48 vs. 8.81）. Consequently, the female bee resulted in higher extent of destruction on the corolla, ovule and nectary in comparison with male bee; fruit set from visited flowers due to male bees is significantly higher than female ones under opening condition （34. 72% vs. 73. 59%）. We therefore postulated that the length, rigidity of corolla and nectar production of flower in G. longituba must be an adaptive consequence of its nectar robbing visitors; The behavior differentiation of Xylocopa sinensis during foraging may result from the difference pattern of distribution of the food resource for the male and female individuals.
出处
《武汉大学学报（理学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期235-240,共6页
Journal of Wuhan University:Natural Science Edition
基金
教育部博士点基金资助项目
关键词
传粉生态
中华术蜂
盗蜜者
活血丹
适合度
pollination ecology
carpenter bee
Xylocopa sinensis
nectar robber
Glechoma longituba
fitness
