摘要
采用X射线衍射和透射电镜对所制备的聚丙烯/蒙脱土(PP/MMT)插层纳米复合材料的结构进行表征;通过热分析、锥形量热、氧指数、垂直燃烧测试对其热解和燃烧性能进行了研究.热分析表明蒙脱土片层在热解过程中显示出能量阻隔作用,提高了材料的热稳定性和成炭量;蒙脱土片层与膨胀型阻燃剂之间的协效作用使得纳米复合材料热释放速率、CO与CO2释放量及比消光面积明显降低;将不同阻燃级别的材料制成电视机壳进行全尺寸锥形量热仪实验表明,V-0级别的阻燃聚丙烯材料的火灾危险性最小.
The intercalated structures of the prepared polypropylene/montmorillonite （PP/MMT） nanocomposites were characterized with X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, whereafter their thermal degradation mechanism and combustion properties were investigated by thermal gravimetry（TG）, cone calorimetry, limited oxygen index（LOI）, and UL 94 tests. It is shown that there exists an energy barrier effect during the PP/MMT nanocomposites pyrolysis process, which improves thermal stability and char residue formation of the materials. The synergism effect between intumescent flame retardant（IFR） and MMT can also be observed, which further reduces the heat release rate（HRR）, smoke specific extinction area（SEA）, CO and CO2 production of combustion. Full scale cone calorimetry experiments on TV shells made of different flame-retardant rating polypropylene composite materials indicate that the one with V-O rating is of the lowest fire risk.
基金
国家自然科学基金(50476026)
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20040358056)资助
关键词
阻燃
聚丙烯
纳米复合材料
燃烧性能
热解
flame retardant
polypropylene
nanocomposites
combustion performance
thermal degradation
