摘要
水分胁迫下3个玉米品种苗期形态和生理特征变化的研究结果表明,在中度水分胁迫下,鲁单981、赤单202和郑单958三个品种在株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶面积等形态指标方面变化不大,与正常供水下生长的玉米几个参数基本一致,而重度水分胁迫下,鲁单981的株高、茎粗和总叶面积均小于赤单202和郑单958。测定结果还表明鲁单981的光合速率和蒸腾速率受水分胁迫的影响最大,而郑单958和赤单202受到的影响相对较小;水分胁迫在一定程度上能够提高玉米的水分利用效率,增幅与品种关系较大,抗旱型品种增幅明显,耗水型品种增幅相对较少。
Using a movable rain shelter to keep off precipitation, field experiments on the morphological and physiological characteristics of the seedling stage of three maize cultivars were conducted under different soil moisture treatments by controlled irrigation. The studies provide scientific bases for economical irrigation, and ensure the stable and high yield of maize.
The experiment was carried out at the agrometeorological experimental station of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences （Beijing） from May to July, 2004. The maize cultivars selected were Chidan 202, Zhengdan 958, and Ludan 981, based on their different water-consuming characteristics. The relative soil moistures for the different treatments were controlled at 40% ～ 50% （heavy water stress）, 55% ～ 65% （mild water stress）, and above 75 % （control）. The treatments ran from the three-leaves stage till the end of seedling stage.
According to the morphological data, the three maize cultivars under mild water stress had similar values to that of the control, while under heavy water stress Ludan981 was lower than Chidan202 and Zhengdan 958. From the analysis of morphological characteristics, Chidan 202 was the most drought-tolerant, while Zhengdan 958 and Ludan 981 were droughtsensitive. The results showed the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Ludan 981 were influenced more heavily by water stress than the two other cuhivars. To a certain extent the water stress increased the water use efficiency of maize. The water use efficiency of drought-tolerant cultivar increased more than that of the drought-sensitive cultivar. Water stress had a larger influence on the drought-sensitive cuhivar. In the seedling stage, adequate irrigation for drought-sensitive cultivar was more important than for drought-tolerant cuhivar.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期1138-1143,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家863资助项目(2002AA2Z4311
2004AA2Z4050
2002AA2Z4021)
国家科技攻关资助项目(2001BA508B09)~~
关键词
玉米
水分胁迫
生理和形态特性
maize
water stress
physiological and morphological characteristics
