摘要
以黑河流域山丹县1986年和2000年TM影像资料为主要数据源,运用遥感信息解译与地理信息系统技术,分析了研究区10多年来草地植被覆盖的时空变化。并参照Costanza等的生态系统服务功能的单位价值和谢高地等人的中国自然草地生态系统服务价值,初步估算退化型草地植被覆盖变化的生态损失价值,对草地植被覆盖变化给研究区生态系统宏观经济所造成的影响进行了分析研究。结果表明:在1986～2000年间,该区域草地植被覆盖总的变化趋势是草地、林地向其它类型转化,即草地植被覆盖总量在逐年减少。高、中、低覆盖度各类草地,分别减少达35％、9．9％和13．8％。草地植被覆盖类型也呈减少趋势,其中高覆盖度草地减幅最大,其次是低覆盖度草地和中覆盖度草地。草地植被利用过度或退化较为严重,生态环境将趋于恶化。由此导致草地生态系统宏观经济价值损失约9 466．8×104CNY／(km2·a)。
Mainly based on the TM images of Shandan County in the reaches of Heihe River collected in 1986 and 2000,the paper use the Remote Sensing Translation and GIS spatial analysis technique to study the spatial variation of grassland vegetations in the area under study over more than ten years. With the per-unit value of ecosystem services by Costanza et al and the per-unit value of the ecosystem services in natural grasslands of China by Xie Gaodi et al for reference,the paper preliminarily estimates the ecological loss of the vegetation-coverage variation of degenerated grasslands ,and analyzes the effects of the vegetation-coverage variation of grassland on the macro-economy in the ecosystem of the area under study. The results showed that between 1986 and 2000 the types of vegetation coverage appeared to transform from grassland and forestland to other types of lands in the region as a whole,i, e. the coverage of grassland vegetations declined in its proportion to the total coverage year by year. The grasslands with high ,middle and low coverage decreased by 35% ,9.9% and 13.8% ,respectively. The coverage types of grassland vegetations also appeared to decline and herein the grassland with high coverage decreased with the highest decrement and the grasslands with low and middle coverage followed. The grassland vegetations suffered overexploitation or sever degeneration so that the ecological environment tended to deteriorate. Consequently, this resulted in a macro-economic loss of 9 446.8× 10^4 CNY/（km^2 · a）.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期798-804,共7页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
中国科学院"西部之光"项目(2002407)
