摘要
鰟鮍是鲤科中的一群小型鱼类,在繁殖季节,鱼类产卵于河蚌的鳃腔内,鰟鮍鱼卵在河蚌鳃上的分布有一定的规律性。以前的研究主要是关于不同的鰟鮍鱼类对河蚌不同物种的选择,而对鱼类产卵时在河蚌鳃的上具体位置研究很少。本研究分为野外和室内两部分,野外现场解剖16种河蚌并统计观察鱼卵在鳃上的位置;室内选择六种代表性的淡水河蚌鱼尾楔蚌(Cuneopsispisciculus)、圆顶珠蚌(Unioclouglasiae)、失衡丽蚌(Lamprotulatortuosa)、洞穴丽蚌(L·caveata)、背角无齿蚌(Anodontawoodianawoodiana)和射线裂脊蚌(Schistodesmuslampreyanus),在分别养殖6d和3d的条件下,观察高体(Rhodeusocellatus)卵寄生在河蚌鳃上具体位置。结果表明,不同种类的在繁殖时有不同的适应策略。在野外条件下鉴定出3种鱼类,短须(Acheilognathusbarbatulus)、越南(A·tonkinensis)和广西副近似种(P·cf·meridianus),它们用其较长的产卵管将鱼卵寄生在河蚌内鳃的前部和中部,而室内属鱼类产卵管短,对河蚌鳃的前、中、后部位置选择没有显著性的差异,但是其仔鱼所具有的发达翼状突起可以将其稳固地寄生在河蚌内鳃。本研究结果表明,不同的类群为了给其仔鱼提供最大的生存机会而采用不同的策略。这些结果与鰟鮍和河蚌之间的协同进化关系是一致的[动物学报52(2):272-278,2006]。
Bitterling are small freshwater fishes that have an unusual spawning symbiosis with freshwater mussels. During the spawning season, female bitterling place their eggs onto the gills of freshwater mussels. The embryos develop inside the mussel for approximately a month, eventually leaving the mussel as actively swimming larvae. Previous studies have focused on selection of bitterling for different mussels. Little is known on how bitterling lay their eggs on mussel＇s gill for better adaptation. In the present paper, field investigations and indoor experiments were conducted to study bitterling eggs＇ position on mussel＇s gill, and discuss the adaptation strategy for bitterling. Mussel samples in field investigation were dissected immediately after catching to examine bitterling＇s eggs on mussel＇s gill. The results showed that the bitterling mainly choose interior gills, and anterior and middle portions to lay their eggs. These bitterling species were identified as belonging to the Acheilognathus and Paracheilognathus. The indoor experiments were conducted by putting together in a tank 6 - 10 pairs of rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus, and 12 mussels, i. e. , 2 for each of the six mussel species, Cuneopsis pisciculus, Unio clouglasiae, Lamprotula tortuosa ; Lamprotula caveata, Anodonta woodiana woodiana, and Schistodesmus lampreyanus. Three or six days later, the mussels were dissected to check the bitterling eggs. The result showed that the rose bitterling choose the inner gill of the mussel to lay eggs but without preference for anterior, middle or posterior portions. These results indicated that different bitterling have different adaptive strategies.With their larvae simple in morphology and lacking the wing-like yolk projection, the Acheilognathus and Paracheilognathus species have longer ovipositors to lay their eggs in deep areas of mussel＇s gill. Having wing-like projection in the larvae, Rhodeus species have shorter ovipositor and lay their eggs in different portions in mussel＇s gill.
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期272-278,共7页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.30470237)
中科院创新方向项目(No.KSCX2-SW-105
No.KZCX3-SW-126)资助~~
