摘要
本文对游泳、举重、中长跑和体操等不同专项运动负荷下运动员肱骨和和股骨发生的形态变化进行了研究,发现不同类型运动负荷对长骨横径增粗和骨壁增粗有明显影响.且负荷愈大增粗程度愈明显.中长跑运动员股骨的横径和骨壁厚度增长明显;体操运动员肱骨撤径和骨壁厚度增长明显;举重运动员肱骨和股骨的横径与骨壁厚度长均明显,但股骨横径小于中长跑运动员,股骨壁厚度则较大,骨髓腔较小;游泳运动员股骨、肱骨横径及骨壁厚度增长均不明显.动力性负荷对长骨长径生长的促进作用大于静力性负荷.
Morphological changes of humerus and femur of players in swimming, weightlifting, distance running and gymnastics were studied. Significant effect existed of specific types of load on increases of transverse diameter and wall of long bones. The larger the load was, the more significant the increases were. Distance runners showed significant increases in transverse diameter and wall thickness of femur; gymnasts showed significant increases in transverse diameter and wall thickness of humerus; weightlifting players showed significant increases in transverse diameter and wall thickness of both femur and humerus, but the transverse diameter of femur was less than distance runners and the wall thickness of femur was relatively larger with smaller bone cavity; swimmers showed insignificant increases in transverse diameter and wall thickness of both femur and humerus. Dynamic load stimulated the growth of longitudinal diameter of long bone more greatly than static load.
