摘要
以对二甲苯为原料,分别通过芳环上的溴代、亲核取代及α-位溴代3步反应,合成了2,5-二溴甲基对苯二甲腈。以碘作催化剂,对二甲苯与液溴在二氯甲烷中于12℃严格避光条件下搅拌反应18 h,得到2,5-二溴对二甲苯;2,5-二溴对二甲苯与氰化亚铜在DMF中加热回流48 h得到2,5-二甲基对苯二甲腈;2,5-二甲基对苯二甲腈与N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS)在四氯化碳中被偶氮二异丁腈催化反应16 h得到2,5-二溴甲基对苯二甲腈,各步收率分别为96.3%、87.5%、31.4%。借助正交实验优化了各步的反应条件:溴代n(B r2)∶n(p-xylene)=2.2∶1,c(p-xylene)=3.2 mol/L,反应温度12℃,反应时间18 h;亲核取代n(CuCN)∶n(2,5-二溴对二甲苯)=2.5∶1,c(2,5-二溴对二甲苯)=0.2 mol/L,反应温度155℃,反应时间48 h;α-位溴代n(NBS)∶n(2,5-二氰基对二甲苯)=2.1∶1,c(2,5-二氰基对二甲苯)=0.1 mol/L,反应温度80℃,反应时间16 h。并对各步产品进行了质谱和核磁共振氢谱表征。
2,5-Bis (bromomethyl) -terephthalonitrile ( Ⅰ ) was synthesized from p-xylene by aromatic bromination, aromatic nucleophilic substitution and α-bromination. Reaction conditions of each step were optimized by means of orthogonal experiments. Thus ,p-xylene dissolved in CH2Cl2 (3.2 mol/L) reacted with dropping bromine [ n ( Br2 ) : n (p-xylene) = 2.2 : 1 ] in the presence of trace iodine as catalyst under vigorous stirring and absolute exclusion of light at 12 ℃ for 18 h to form 2,5-dibromo- p- xylene( Ⅱ ) in 96. 3% yield. Then Ⅱ reacted with CuCN in DMF[n(CuCN):n( Ⅱ ) ] =2. 5:1 ,conc. of 11 = 0.2 mol/L] under reflux for 48 h (refluxing temperature 155 ℃) to afford 2, 5- dimethyherephthalonitrile ( Ⅲ ) in 87.5 % yield. Finally, Ⅲ and N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in CCl4 [n (NBS) :n( Ⅲ ) = 2. 1:1 ,cone. of Ⅲ = 0. 1 mol/L] in the presence of azoisobutyrodinitrile were stirred and refluxed at 80 ℃ for 16 h to afford Ⅰ in 31.4% yield. All products were characterized by MS and NMR.
出处
《精细化工》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期332-336,共5页
Fine Chemicals