摘要
本文分析了内蒙古后山地区降水利用效率低的主要原因是降水量少、土壤肥力水平低和作物布局不合理。其解决途径是,逐步实行体闲轮作制,建立种植业优化结构,增施肥料、以肥调水和改善土壤耕作制度等,通过这些措施,作物的降水利用效率可以从目前的0.14～0.15kg/mm·亩提高到0.25～0.30kg/mm·亩,在正常年降水量的条件下,旱坡地粮食产量可达85～90kg/亩,旱滩地可达100～110kg/亩。
This paper analysed why the crop rainfall use efficiency was so low in the dryland farming area behind the Daqingshan Mountain in Inner Mon- golia.The main reasons are the insufficient rainfall,the low level fertility of soil and the unreasonable arrangement of crops.To solve these problems we should adapt the fallow and rotation cropping systems gradually,set up an optimum planting structure and increase the utilization of ferfilizers which may adjust the soil moisture.We also should improve the soil tillage system. Through these measures,the rainfall use efficiency raised from nowadays 0.14～ 0.15kg/mm/mu to 0.25～0.30kg/mm/mu,in a normal rainfall year.The crop yield will reach 85～90kg per mu in a slope-dryland and 100～110kg per mu in a shoal- dryland.
关键词
旱地农业
降水利用效率
体间轮作制
dryland farming
rainfall use efficiency
fallow and rotation cropping system
