摘要
目的:调查高等职业院校学生心理健康状况,及其与生活事件和应付方式之间的关系。方法:于2005-10/11对某职业学院1～4年级在校学生262人为调查对象进行问卷调查。①采用症状自评量表评估心理健康状况。该量表包含躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性等9个因子。采用5级评分制(0无,1轻度,2中度,3相当重,4严重),评估标准参照全国青年常模。②采用青少年生活事件量表评定人际关系、学习压力、受惩罚、丧失和健康适应等生活事件。由27个条目组成,未发生则选0,已发生则用对其产生影响的程度用5级评定(1无影响,2轻度,3中度,4重度,5极度)。③采用特质应付方式问卷评定积极和消极应付方式。对结果数据进行独立样本的t检验,相关分析、回归分析和多元方差分析。结果:发放调查问卷262份,回收合格问卷226份,有效率86.3%。①高等职业院校学生在强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等因子上的得分显著高于全国常模(P<0.001～0.01)。②症状自评量表中各因子与人际关系、学习压力和健康适应事件存在中等程度的显著相关,而与受惩罚和丧失事件相关较低或不相关。心理健康各因子与积极应付方式负相关,与消极应付方式正相关,但与消极应付方式的相关高于积极应付方式。积极应付方式只进入了抑郁因子的回归方程,而消极应付方式对心理健康9个因子都产生了显著的影响。③多元方差分析的结果表明,应付方式调节了学习压力事件对抑郁,以及健康适应事件对敌对的影响。结论:高等职业院校学生的心理健康水平低于全国常模,生活事件和应付方式都是影响高等职业院校学生心理健康的重要因素,应付方式能调节生活事件对心理健康的影响。生活事件中人际关系、学习压力和健康适应是心理健康有力的预测指标;积极应付方式和消极应付方式都与心理健康显著相关,但消极应付方式对心理健康的影响更大。
AIM： To investigate the mental health of the professional college students and its relationship with life events and coping styles.
METHODS： Totally 262 students of grade 1 to 4 in a professional college were investigated between October and December 2005, （1） Mental health was evaluated with the symptome checklist-90 （SCL-90）, which consisted of 9 factors of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychotism. The score of each item was evaluated by 5 grades （0 point for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for quiet serious, 4 for severe）, and the evaluative standard was in reference to national youth norm. （2） Life events were assessed with the factors of interpersonal relation, study pressure, being punished, bereavement, health and adaptation in Adolescent selfrating life events checklist, which contained 27 items. Participants rated each event with the 0-5 scale： 0 for not occur, 1-5 for occurred （1 tor no influence, 2 for mild, 3 for moderate, 4 for severe, 5 for extremely important）. （3） Coping styles were evaluated with the positive and negative coping styles in trait coping styles questionnaire. The results were treated with independent sample t test, correlation analysis, regression analysis and multivariate analysis of variance.
RESULTS： A total of 262 questionnaires were sent out, and 226 qualified ones were collected back on the spot. （1） Professional eollege students scored significantly higher than the national youth norm on the factors of obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and hostility （P 〈 0.001-0.01）, （2） The factors in SCL-90 were moderately and significantly correlated with the life events of interpersonal relation, study pressure and health and adaptation, but had or no low correlation with the events of being punished and bereavement. The factors of mental health were negatively correlated with the positive coping styles, but positively with the negative coping styles, and the correlation with negative coping styles was higher than that with positive ones, The positive coping styles only entered the regression equation for the f：ctor of depression, but the negative coping style had significant influence on all the 9 factors of mental health. （3） The results of multivariate analysis of variance suggested that the coping style adjusted the effect of and life events related to study pressure on depression and life events related to health and adaptation on hostility respectively.
CONCLUSION： The level of mental health of professional college students is lower than the national youth norms. Life events and coping style are both the predictors of mental health of professional college students. And coping style can moderate the effects of life events on mental health. The life events related to interpersonal relation, study pressure and health and adaptation are the powerful predictors for mental health. Both positive and negative coping styles are significantly correlated with mental health, but the negative coping style has greater influence on mental health.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第14期26-28,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题委托项目(2004)<大学生心理健康教育的理论与实践研究>~~
