摘要
综述了城市地表径流污染的成因、来源和排放特征的研究。城市降水径流污染来自3个方面：降水、城市地表和排水系统。其中，城市地表和排水系统是城市降水径流污染的主要来源。在具合流制排水系统的城市，20％～60％的径流污染（SS、COD和BOD5）来自排水系统。在一次降雨过程中，城市降雨径流污染的排放一般存在初期冲刷效应，径流中污染物浓度的峰值一般提前于径流的峰值。但是由于影响初期冲刷效应的因素多而随机，使得初期冲刷出现的频率和程度存在明显的差异，而且很难建立初期冲刷与降雨特征和流域特征的通用关系。
The characteristics, the sources and the mechanism of the urban rainfall runoff pollution are introduced in this paper, and it is helpful for the studies in our country. The urban rainfall runoff pollution originates from the precipitation, the urban surface and the drainage system. The urban surface and drainage system are the main sources of the urban rainfall runoff pollution. The sediment and the associated pollutant deposits, forming in the combined sewer networks, are a major source of pollution during a storm. Several studies show that the erosion of the in-sewer pollutant stocks can provide 20 - 60 % （depending on site and rain event characteristics） of the total SS, COD, BOD5. The initial period of the stormwater runoff, in which the concentration of pollutants is substantially higher than in the later periods, is called the fist flush phenomenon. During the first flush, an enormous quantity of pollutants are discharged into the receiving waters. The research concludes that the the first flush results in a substantial concentration peak at the beginning of storm events. However, the concentration peak may vary with the different pollutants during the same storm event, or with the same watershed during different storm events. In general, the first flush is influenced by many parameters, such as the watershed, the rainfall intensity, the impervious area, and the antecedent dry weather period. Therefore, it is difficult to establish the universal regression curves, or even the complex multiple regressional functions, which can predict the first flush loads.
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期288-294,共7页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家高科技研究发展计划资助项目(2002AA601022)
关键词
城市
降水径流
特征
污染来源
进展
Urban
rainfall runoff
characteristics
pollution source
progress
