摘要
地裂缝的成因可以分为天然构造地裂、人为诱发地裂和复合成因地裂、地震断裂,抽水不均匀地面沉降伴生地裂和渗透变形地裂是最主要的地裂缝类型。地裂缝以构造地裂和构造地裂基础上由人为活动诱发现象为主,用优势面观点和方法分析和研究是可行的。根据优势面的原理,提出防灾和减灾的思路,指出地裂灾害预测和预警系统研究对分析、评估和减灾是最有效的手段。防治地裂缝的原则是针对性治理和顺应自然取代对抗,对策是注重避让与选址、引调地表水、做好结构设计和地基处理、制定相应的防灾区域管理法规。
The origin of earth fissures are classified into natural structural, human induced and composite types. Most of the earth fissures are the ones associated and penetrative and deformation caused by inhomogeneous ground subsidence during water extraction. For artificial active phenomena, earth fissures occurred usually on the basis of structural earth fissure. The ideas of hazard control and decrease are offered and as a most effective method, the investigation of earth fissure forecast and early-warning system is workable through analyses, evaluation and decrease of earth fissures according to the principle of dominant plane. The control and decrease of earth fissures are mainly fulfilled through using pertinence control and acclimation to replace artificial disturbance. The measurement of control includes site selection, usage of surface water, perfect structural design and foundation treatment as well as establishes some regulations for hazard prevention.
出处
《江苏地质》
2006年第1期1-5,共5页
Jiangsu Geology
关键词
地裂缝
地质灾害
地震
优势面分析
预测预警
Earth fissures
Geological hazards
Earthquake
Analyses of dominant plane
Forecast and early-waruing
