摘要
目的:对裙带菜膳食纤维的常规成分和功能性进行分析,采用动物试验初步探讨裙带菜膳食纤维的毒理学性质。方法:实验于2003-09/2004-03在湖南农业大学动物医学院基础兽医教研室完成。①急性毒性试验选取清洁级2月龄SD大鼠60只,随机分为5组:裙带菜膳食纤维823,1727,3628,7619,16000mg/kg剂量组,12只/组。每组分别用裙带菜膳食纤维配成悬浮液喂养,各组剂量分别为823,1727,3628,7619,16000mg/kg体质量。给药后连续观察7d,未见明显的毒性反应,且无一例死亡,因受药物浓度和给药体积的限制,找不出引起大鼠死亡的剂量,无法测出裙带菜膳食纤维的半数致死量。故每天以最大耐受剂量16000mg/kg分4次灌服,灌胃后即刻观察并记录大鼠行为学活动情况,连续7d。②亚慢性毒性试验选取清洁级8周龄SD大鼠80只,随机分为4组:生理盐水对照组、裙带菜膳食纤维600,1500,3000mg/kg剂量组,20只/组。裙带菜膳食纤维各剂量组分别给予裙带菜膳食纤维配成悬浮液600,1500,3000mg/kg,生理盐水对照组给予等量生理盐水,连续灌胃12周。③裙带菜膳食纤维由湖南农业大学基础兽医教研室自行研制。④裙带菜膳食纤维制备工艺流程:裙带菜→清洗→碱液浸泡(pHl2,40℃)→过滤→漂洗至中性→酸液浸泡(pH2,60℃)→漂洗至中性→漂白→漂洗→干燥(60℃)→粉碎→成品。⑤用酶一重量法分析法检测膳食纤维含量;用常规分析方法检测裙带菜膳食纤维蛋白质,脂肪,灰分,淀粉,钙、磷含量及其膨胀力与持水力。用急性毒性试验及亚慢性毒性试验对裙带菜膳食纤维进行毒理学评估。结果:急性毒性试验选取SD大鼠60只,亚慢性毒性试验选取SD大鼠80只,全部进入结果分析。①裙带菜膳食纤维基本成分与功能性指标检测结果:裙带菜中膳食纤维含量达89.85%;裙带菜膳食纤维的蛋白质、脂肪和淀粉含量都很低,分别为0.85%,0.06%,0.57%,同时具有较高的膨胀力(23mL/g)和持水力(13.65%)。②急性毒性试验结果:裙带菜膳食纤维的半数致死量都大于1.6×104mg/kg。③亚慢性毒性试验结果:与生理盐水对照组比较,裙带菜膳食纤维600,1500,3000mg/kg组大鼠的血液学指标、血清蛋白等指标差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05),但裙带菜膳食纤维3000mg/kg组总胆固醇、三酰甘油出现明显降低趋势(P<0.05)。结论:裙带菜膳食纤维属于无毒级,未发现致突变作用,长期食用安全,具有一定的降总胆固醇、三酰甘油的作用,是一种值得开发的优质膳食纤维。
AIM： To analyze the routine composition and function of dietary fiber in undaria pinnitafida and preliminarily probe into the toxicology of dietary fiber in undaria pinnitafida through animal test.
METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the Department of Fundamental Theriatrics, Animal Medical College of Hunan Agricultural University from September 2003 to March 2004, ①Sixty SD rats aged 2 months of clean grade were selected for acute toxicological test and divided into five groups： 823, 1 727,3 628, 7 619, 16 000 mg/kg dietary fiber of undaria pinnitafida group with 12 rats in each group. Rats in each group were fed with suspension made of dietary fiber of undaria pinnitafida respectively at the dose of 823, 3 628, 1 727, 7 619 and 16 000 mg for per kg of body mass. Observed for 7 continuous days after administration, there were no obvious toxic reaction or death. Limited by the concentration of drugs and volume of administration, there were no dose can be found to induce death, therefore, the median fatal dose of dietary fiber in undaria pinnitafida couldn＇t be determinated. Rats were drenched four times a day at maximum tolerated dose of totally 16 000 mg/kg, immediately after gastric perfusion, praxiologic activities of rats were observed and recorded for 7 continuous days. ②In subchronic toxicological test, 80 SD rats aged 8 weeks of clean grade were selected and divided into four groups： Normal saline control group, 600, 1 500, 3 000 mg/kg undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber group with 20 rats in each. Rats in each undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber group respectively received suspension made of undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber at the dose of 600, 1 500, 3 000 mg/kg; Rats in the normal saline control group received normal saline of same volume for 12 continuous weeks. ③Undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber was prepared in the Department of Fundamental Theriatrics, Animal Medical College of Hunan Agricultural University. ④Technologic progresses of preparation of undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber were： Undaria pinnitafida→cleaned→soaked in alkali solution （pH 12,40 ℃）→ffihered→ashed to neutral→soaked in acid solution （pH 2,60 ℃ ） →washed to neutral →bleached→rinsed →dried （60 ℃）→comminuted→product. ⑤Contents of dietary fiber in undaria pinnitafida was examined by enzymatic-gravimetric method; Contents of protein, fat, ash, starch, calcium, pbosphorus and expansive capacity and water holding capacity of undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber were measured with routine analytical method. Acute and subchronic toxicity were used to evaluate the toxicology of undaria pinnitailda dietary fiber.
RESULTS：Sixty SD rats in acute toxity test and 80 SD rats in subchronic toxity test were involved in the analysis of results. ①Determination of basic elements and functional indexes of dietary fiber in undaria pinnitafida： Contents of protein, fat and starch in dietary fiber of undaria pinnitafida were lower. 0.85%, 0.06%, 0.57%. Meanwhile, there were high expansive capacity （23 mL/g）and water holding capacity （13.65%） ; ②Results of acute toxity test： Median fatal dose of undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber was above 1.6xlO4 mg,/kg, ③Results of subehronic toxicological test： Compared with normal saline group and control group, differences in hematological parameters and serum protein etc. in blood of rats in 600, 1 500,3 000 mg/kg undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber group were not significant （P 〉 0.05）, while levels of total cholesterol and triglycefide in 3 000 mg/kg undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber group decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）.
CONCLUSION： Undaria pinnitafida dietary fiber is nonpoisonous and won＇t cause mutation in rats,which is safe with certain effects of reducing levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride. It is a high-quality dietary fiber and worthwhile to be developed.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第11期100-103,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
湖南农业大学青年基金(04QN03)~~
