摘要
目的探讨小儿癫痫持续状态（SE）的病因、临床特点及治疗原则。方法对我院近11年来收治的47例SE患儿的病因、发作类型、惊厥持续时间、相关辅助检查、临床治疗效果及预后进行回顾性分析。结果47例患儿SE按病因分：特发性癫痫22例（46．8％）、症状性癫痫21例（44．7％）、热性惊厥4例（8．5％）。47例SE中36例（76．6％）入院后即给予有效而足量的抗惊厥药物，其中联合用药25例（69．4％），单一用药11例（30．6％），11例（23．4％）入院时惊厥发作已停止，故采用抗惊厥药物。7例（19．4％）SE患儿出现各种并发症，但无1例死亡。3组患儿SE发作控制时间比较有统计学意义（x^2=7．52，P〈0．05），尤以症状性癫痫所需控制时间最长，有统计学意义（x^2=4．13～5.19．P〈0．05）。结论严格遵守和执行SE的治疗原则，加强监护、支持、对症治疗和针对病因进行治疗，可明显降低SE的致残率和死亡率，改善预后。
Objective To approach the etiological factors, clinical features and therapeutic principle of status epileptics in children. Methods To analyze retrospectively 47 hospitalized patients in recent 11 years, including etiological factors, seizure types, convulsion duratlons,correlation auxiliary examination clinical therapeutic efficacy and prognosis. Results According to the etiological factors, the patients were classified as idiopathic epilepsy 22 （46.8%）, symptomatic epilepsy 21 （44.7%）, febrile convulsion 4 （8.5%）. Thirty-six （76.6%） children were administrated utility and sufficient anticonvulsant drugs as soon as quickly. Twenty five （69. 4 %） children were used association medication and 11 （30.6 % ） children were used single medication. The surplus 11 （30. 6 % ）children were not administrated anticonvulsant drugs because of convulsion cessation after hospitalization. Seven （19.4 %） patients appearanced all kinds of complications, but none was fatality. The difference was obvious in duration time after anticonvulsant drugs therapy among three groups（x^2=7.52,P〈0.05）,especially the duration time of symptomatic epilepsy was longer than that of the other two（x^2 =4.13-5.19 ,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Status epilepticus should be treated by performance severity and energetic therapeutic principle, intensive care, supported and symptomatic treatment. Mutilation and mortality rate will be decreased obviously and the prognosis will be ameliorated.
出处
《重庆医学》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第6期535-536,538,共3页
Chongqing medicine
关键词
癫痫持续状态
儿童
抗惊厥药物
status epileptieus t childrent anticonvulsant drugs
