2[2]Zeichner,K. M. (1993). Traditions of pratice in U. S. Preservice teacher education programs. Teaching and Teacher Education, 9 (1),1-13.
3[3][4]Houston, W.R. (1985). Competency-based teacher education. In T. Husen, & T. N. Postlethwaite, (Eds.). The international encyclopedia of education (pp.898-906). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
4[5]Joyce, B. R., Weil, M. & Shower, B. (1992). Models of teaching (4th ed.). Boston : Allyn and Bacon.
5[6]Harris , R. et al (1995). Competency-based education and training:Between a rock and a whirlpool. South Melbourne, Australia: Macmillan Education.
3Kenneth M. Zeichner and Daniel P. Liston. Traditions of Reform in U. S. Teacher Education[ J]. Journal of Teacher Ed- ucation, Vol. 41 , No. 2 ( March - April, 1990) :3 - 20.
4K. M. Zeichner. Traditions of Pratice in U. S Preservise Teacher Education Programs [ J ]. Teaching and Teacher Educa- tion,Vol. 9 ,No. 1 (1993) : 1 - 13.
5L. Beyer. Knowing and Action : Inquiry, Ideology and Educational Study[ M ]. London : Falmer, 1988:64.