摘要
研究卵子排放后的时间、精子排放后的时间、授精精子浓度、胰蛋白酶、钙离子、pH和水温等因子对杂色鲍（Haiotis diversicolor，以下简称S）与盘鲍（H．discus discu，以下简称J）种间杂交受精率的影响。结果表明，卵子排放后的时间和授精精子浓度是影响杂交受精率两个最重要的因素。与自繁组合相比，正反杂交受精率均较低且下降速度快得多。水温21．5℃时，两亲本自繁对照组中，卵子排放1h对受精率均无显著影响。而SJ杂交，卵子排放时间2min时，受精率为55．9％±8．1％，4．7min时受精率已下降了50％；JS杂交，卵子排放时间为4min时，受精率为31．5％±9．7％，10min时受精率下降至4min时的29．1％。相比之下，精子排放时间对杂交受精率的影响小得多，3h内对正反交杂交受精率没有显著影响。杂交适宜精子浓度约为母本自繁的100倍，其中SJ杂交适宜授精精子浓度为6．0×10^6～2．4×10^7mL^-1，JS杂交适宜授精精子浓度为3．8×10^7-7．5×10^7mL^-1。水温对于杂交受精率也有影响，短时间内将水温控制在26～29℃可以得到较高受精率。其他实验因素，如添加胰蛋白酶、Ca^2＋或改变授精体系pH对杂交受精率均无正向作用。
To overcome the gametic incompatibility of interspecific hybridization between Haliotis diversicolor （S） and H. discus discus （J）, the effects of gametic age, insemination sperm concentrations, Trypsin, Ca^2＋ , pH and temperatures on the fertilization rate were investigated. The results showed that the age of egg and insemination sperm concentration are two important factors influencing the fertilization rate. In comparinson with the pure cross, the fertilization rate was low and declined much sharply for the heterospecific cross. At 21.5℃, the fertilization rate was 100% and did not declined significantly in 1 h post egg spawned for the pure cross, while it was 55.9 %± 8.1% at 2 min and declined by 50 % at 4.7 min post spawned for the SJ cross, and it was 31.5% ±9.7% at 4 min and declined by 70.9% at 10 min post spawn for the JS cross. The concentrations of sperms yielded maximum fertilization with the least abnormality in subsequent development was 6.0×10^6 - 2.4×10^7 mL^-1 for the SJ cross, and 3.8×10^7 - 7.5×10^7 mL^- 1 for the reciprocal cross, which were about 100-fold higher than that in homologous cross. Higher temperature accelerated the egg losing the ability of being activated by the heterospecific sperm. For the eggs spawned for less than 10 min, the optimal temperature for hybridization is 26-29℃. The other tested factors, including the addition of Trypsin or Ca^2＋ into the fertilization system and alteration of pH, led to decline of fertilization rate.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期230-236,共7页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家"863"计划课题资助(2003AA603240)
关键词
杂色鲍
盘鲍
种间杂交
受精率
Haliotis diversicolor
Haliotis discus discus
interspecific hybridization
fertilization rate
