摘要
目的探讨和评价对胸腺癌的临床表现、诊断、手术方法和术后辅助治疗的认识,以提高治疗效果.方法回顾性分析北京协和医院胸外科1961年6月～2004年6月手术治疗43例胸腺癌患者的临床结果;43例患者中完全切除15例,部分或大部分切除23例,开胸探查肿瘤活检5例. 结果所有肿瘤均无完整包膜并侵犯周围器官,依次为心包、上腔静脉、左右无名静脉、胸膜、膈神经和肺.全组患者无手术死亡.经6个月至18年的随诊,随访率83.72%(36/43),术后1年内死亡8例,2年内死亡4例,术后5年和8年分别死亡2例和1例.按寿命表法计算1、3、5和8年存活率分别为68.29%、56.67%、41.56%和27.71%. 结论胸腺癌与恶性胸腺瘤在临床表现、影像学特点、病理类型和预后诸方面均有明显不同,胸外科医师应予以区别; CT检查是重要的诊断方法.彻底切除肿瘤以及受侵的组织和器官,甚至切除上腔静脉人工血管置换可以明显提高患者的长期存活率.胸腺癌术后除放疗外,还需要进行全身化疗,以铂类为基础的第3代化疗药可有效地改善治疗效果.
Objective To investigate and evaluate the clinical features, diagnostic methods, surgical management and postoperative adjuvant therapy of thymic carcinoma so as to improve the treatment outcome. Methods Forty-three patients of thymic carcinoma , surgically intervened and pathologically confirmed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital through June 1961 to June 2004, were retrospectively analysed. Complete resection of the tumor was performed in 15 patients, partial or incomplete expiration in 23 , exploratory thoracotomy and biopsy in 5. Results All tumors were found inencapsulated and invading the surroundings,including pericardium, superior vena cava, left or right innominate vein, rnediastinal pleura, phrenic nerve and lung. In this series there was no perioperative death. Eight patients died within the first year postoperatively, 4 died within the second year postoperatively, 2 and 1 patients died in the 5th and 8th year postoperatively respectively. Through half to 18 years follow-up, according to the life table method, the 1,3,5 and 8 year survival rate were 68.29%, 56. 67%, 41.56% and 27. 71% respectively. Conclusions Thymic carcinoma is different from malignant thymoma in clinical manifestations, radiological features, pathological characteristics and prognosis, hence it is very important for thoracic surgeons to pay more attention to those differentiation. Chest CT is an effective method for diagnosis of thymic carcinoma. It is emphasized on that aggressive radical resection of the tumor with involved tissue or organs, even removal of superior vena cava and subsequent reconstruction of vessel, will effectively extend long-term survival. Postoperative radiotherapy and combination adjuvant chemotherapy, especially based on cisplatin, play a significant role in improvement of prognosis.
出处
《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》
CAS
2005年第6期377-380,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
关键词
胸腺癌
胸腺肿瘤
外科
切除
Thymic carcinoma
Thymic tumor
Surgery
Resection
