摘要
为了研究胎儿消化道神经节细胞的发育过程，探讨神经节细胞的发育与肠管发育之间的关系，共观察了新鲜胎儿标本２２个，其中男１１个，女１１个。胎龄为３～１０个月。剖取全部消化道，分段作大切片，然后行ＨＥ染色及特殊染色，部分标本作电镜观察。结果提示：胎龄越小，神经节细胞发育越不成熟。在胚胎３个月时，消化道各节段肌间及粘膜下层均未见明确的神经丛及神经节细胞，胚胎４个月时才偶见体积较小、发育不成熟的神经节细胞，５个月时肠壁增厚，神经节细胞发育，但仍不成熟，至６个月时，神经节细胞明显增多，并成簇状分布。研究提示神经节细胞的发育与肠管其他结构的发育是同步进行的。研究中未见到近端肠管神经节细胞较远端肠管神经节细胞提前发育，也未发现神经节细胞从前肠向后肠移行的过程。先天性巨结肠的成因不仅仅是胚胎发育第６～１２周神经嵴内神经节细胞向肠管移行过程中胚胎发育停顿的结果，而且在胚胎发育的第１２～１６周，肠管神经节细胞发育成熟之前某些影响神经节细胞发育的局部因素也可导致无神经节细胞巨结肠的形成。
Twenty-two alimentary tract specimens from aborted human fetus of differentgestation age were studied and the development of ganglionic cells from three months gestation toten months was observed.Results showed as following:No ganglion cell can be found in threemonths gestation fetus. Ganglionic cells first appear in fourth months of gestation in Auerbach'splexus and Meissner's plexus. The ganglionic cells development is parallel to the general growth ofthe fetus. Never seen ganglionic cells growing from foregut to hindgut,and never seen differenceof ganglionic cells between small intestien and colon. Therefore,it is believed not sound that theneuroblastic cells stop moving from neuroectoderm to gut in six to twelve weeks gestation incongenital aganglionosis, but it is also believed that some other causes in three or four monthsgestation might interfere the normal growth of the ganglionic cells.
出处
《中华小儿外科杂志》
CSCD
1996年第1期31-33,共3页
Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery
关键词
胎儿
消化系统
生长发育
神经节
Hirschsprung's disease
Fetal organ maturity
Neurones
