摘要
目的:通过对中国三大中心城市居民心血管功能的调查,探讨心血管功能指标与年龄的关系,对心血管功能检测方法进行创新研究,建立相应的评价指标,制定针对个体的健身计划。方法:从2002-08/2003-12在北京、上海和深圳3个城市随机测试了2435人,将受试者按年龄段分为6组,18～30岁开始设为一组,以后每增长10岁为一个年龄段组,70岁以上为一组。①心功能及体脂检测:采用BQH-测评仪和美国产DynaPulse对比测试所有受试者的各种心血管功能参数,部分受试者还同时用日产多普勒超声心动仪TOSHIBA.SSA270测试相同的心血功能指标,并将其测试结果与BQH-测评仪和美国产DynaPulse测试的结果相比较;用欧姆龙体脂检测仪OMRONHBF-301和韩国InBody3.0人体成分分析仪对比检测所有受试者的体脂。②形体测量及血脂检测:采用形态测量仪测量形体各指标,采用美产全自动生化仪RAYTORT-1940C测血脂类指标。③根据每个受试者测试结果,推荐运动处方,主要内容是健身运动方法、运动负荷安排、运动负荷后的自我评估、营养处方等。于6个月后对受试者心血管功能、形体、血脂等各项指标进行复查。对复查前后的测试资料进行差异性分析。结果:纳入调查北京、上海、深圳3个城市共2435人,调查数据全部进行结果分析,6个月后,对能够追踪到的基本坚持健身计划的196人进行复查。①随年龄的增长而逐渐增高的指标有心率、血压、总外周阻力、血液黏度及微循环平均滞留时间,随年龄的增长而逐渐下降的有每搏量、心搏指数、心排血量。②与18～30岁年龄段组相比,男性心率在41～50岁年龄段组开始产生显著性差异,而女性则在31～40岁年龄段组即开始产生显著性差异,男女的收缩压在41～50岁年龄段组开始产生显著性差异,总外周阻力男性在51～60岁年龄段组、女性在61～70岁组开始产生显著性差异,男性每搏量在31～40岁年龄段组、女性在41～50岁年龄段组开始产生显著性差异,体脂率在60岁前随年龄的增长而逐渐增高,但到61岁后又出现逐渐下降的趋势。③在健身指导6个月后,复查的196人,其心血管功能指标大都出现了有益的变化,每搏量和心血管功能得分增长,安静心率下降,出现显著性差异(P<0.05);形体得分从平均61.64升到平均65.25,胆固醇值从平均5.09降到平均A4.73。④采用彩色多普勒心脏超声波检测每搏输出量与BQH-测评仪测得的结果差异无显著性,而二者与DynaPulse分析仪的测试结果差异明显,欧姆龙体脂仪式与韩国身体成分分析仪测试的体脂结果差异不明显。结论:心血管功能指标与年龄的关系存在明显的规律性,健身计划对改善体形和心血管功能、降低体脂和血脂、进而提高健康水平有益,由于BQH-测评仪检测国民心血管功能的精确性和便携性,更方便到社区做全民健身的测试和指导。
AIM： To explore the relationship between functional index of cardiovascular disease and age, analyze the test method of function of cardiovascular disease to perform innovation research, establish relative evaluation index and make individual body building program by the investigation on cardiovascular function in residents at three big central cities of China.
METHODS： From August 2002 to December 2003, there were 2 435 subjects of six age-portion groups, 18-30 years group, when added 10 years old as a age-portion group, and above 70 years as a group in Peking, Shanghai and Shenzhen tested some indexes randomly.①Funetion of heart and body fat： The testing functions of heart of all quizzees were detected with BQH-instrument and DynaPulse instrument at the same time, and some quizzees were tested with Japanese Doppler ultrasound apparatus TOSHIBA.SSA270A 10 detect the same cardia and blood functional indexes. The results of the two methods were compared. Body lipids of all the quizzees were detected with OMRON HBF-301 Body Fat monitor and Korea In Body 3.0Body Compositionof. ②Fonn measurement and blood lipid detection： Every index of form was detected with form measurement instrument. Blood lipid indexes were tested with American full-automatic biochemical meter RAYTO RT-1940C.③According to the test result of every quizzees, exercise prescription was introduced, which composed of exercise way, arrangement of exercise load, evaluation sports loads and nutrition prescription, etc. The quizzees were tested the function of heart and blood vessel, form and blood lipid, etc. again alter six months. Difference analysis was done on the measurement data before and after review.
RESULTS： Totally 2 435 people were involved in the investigation from Peking, Shanghai and Shenzhen, and all the investigattonal data were involved in the result analysis, without drop-out. After 6 months, review was perforlned in 196 people who-could be found insisting body building. ①The iiadexes that could increase with the increase of age were heart rate, blood pressure, general blood resistance, blood viscosity and average resorting time of tiny blood circle, and the indexes were declining gradually follow the age, such as stroke volume, stroke volume index and cardiac output. ②The male heart rate began to bring notability difference in 41-50 years group as compared with the 18-30 years group, but female heart rate began to bring notability difference in 31-40 years group. Systolic pressure in male and female began to bring notability difference in 41-50 years group. General blood resistance began to bring significant difference in male of 51-60 years group and female of 61-70 years group. Stroke volume began to bring significant difference in male of 31-40 years group and female of 41-50 years group. Rate of body lipid increased with the increase of age before 60 years, but decreased at 61 years later gradually.③Six months later, after body building instruction, the index of cardiovascular function in 196 review people had beneficial changes. Scores on stroke volume and cardiovascular function increased, and the quiet heart rate decreased, and had significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. Scores on form increased from 61.64 averagely to 65.25 averagely. Value of cholesterol decreased from 5.09 averagely to 4.73 averagely.④The testing results of stroke volume were not notability difference between by Color Doppler Flow Imaging and BQH instrument, but there were notability difference results between DynaPulse instrument and BQH instrument or Color Doppler Flow Imaging. There were not notability difference results between OMRON Body Fat monitor and Korea Body Compositionof.
CONCLUSION： The relation between cardiovascular function indexes and age has significant regularity. Program of bodybuilding is beneficial for improving form and cardiovascular function, reducing body fat and blood lipid so as to rise up the level of health. Because of the accuracy and convenience of BQH-instrument on detecting cardiovascular function of citizen, it is furthermore suitable for testing and instructing about bodybuilding of countrymen in community.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期12-15,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
国家体育总局群体司课题组课题(02-223)~~
