摘要
目的研究红花主要农艺性状间及与单株花产量和红花黄色素A间相关关系,为花用红花育种和高产栽培提供理论依据和参考。方法对来自世界各地的48份栽培红花品种(系)的单株花产量性状进行相关和通径分析;采用高效液相色谱法测定红花中红花黄色素A,并进行统计分析。结果10个主要农艺性状对单株花产量影响的顺序:单株有效花球数>单株花球数>单株总分枝数>顶花球直径>分枝高>一级分枝数>出苗到盛花期天数>平均每果粒数>单株无效花球数>株高。逐步回归分析表明,分枝高(X2)、一级分枝数(X4)、单株有效花球数(X6)、单株无效花球数(X7)、平均每果粒数(X9)、顶花球直径(X10)是影响单株花产量(Y)的主要因素,回归方程:Y=-3.037 0+0.002 7 X2+0.045 9 X4+0.074 5 X6+0.043 2 X7+0.023 0 X9+1.148 2 X10(F=21.84**)。单株有效花球数对单株花产量的直接效应最大,其次为顶花球直径。不同品种(系)的单株花产量及红花黄色素A的量存在显著差异。红花黄色素A的量与单株花产量相关不显著。结论花用红花育种中,可兼顾高产与优质。单株有效花球数、顶花球直径是花用红花品种选育的主要目标性状和高产栽培的主攻方向。单株花高产株型应是单株有效花球数、单株花球数、单株总分枝数、一级分枝数较多,顶花球直径较大,株高、分枝高、单株无效花球数适中者。P I 239226、P I 253540、P I 367833、简阳红花综合性状较好,表现突出,适宜在四川种植。
Objective To study the relationship between the main agronomic characters with the flower yield per plant and the safflor yellow A content of safflower species, and provide a basis for breeding and high-yield cultivation of safflower. Methods Correlation and path analysis on characters related to flower yield per plant in 48 species of safflower came from all over the world were analyzed. The safflor yellow A content which tested by HPLC was analyzed by statistical analysis. Results The affecting order of these factors to flower yield per plant was number of effective cones per plant〉number of cones per plant〉number of branches 〉diameter of primary head 〉 branch height from base〉 number of primary branches〉the days from seedling emergence to 50%flowering〉number of grains per cone〉number of ineffective cones per plant〉plant height. Multiple regression analysis showed that branch height from base （X2）, number of primary branches （X4）, number of effective cones per plant （X6）, number of ineffective cones per plant （X7）, number of grains per cone （X9）, and diameter of primary head （X10） were the main factors affecting flower yield （Y） per plant. Multiple regression equation of flower yield per plant and six characters was Y=-3. 037 ＋50. 002 7 X2＋0. 0459 X4＋0. 074 5 X6＋0. 043 2 X7＋0. 023 0 X9＋1. 148 2 X10 （F=21.84^＊＊ ）. The direct effect of number of effective cones per plant was the strongest, followed by diameter of primary head. There were significant differences within the flower yield per plant and the safflor yellow A content of different species. The correlation between the safflor yellow A content and the flower yield per plant was insignificant. Conclusion High-yield and high-quality are compatible in breeding of safflower which is used as herbal medicine. Number of effective cones per plant and diameter of pri- mary head are focused on the high yield breeding and cultivation of safflower species. The plant type of higher flower yield safflower species should have more effective cone numbers, more number of cones, number of branches, number of primary branches, bigger diameter of primary head, moderate plant height, branch height from base, and ineffective cones per plant. Of all accessions, PI 239226, PI 253540, PI 367833, and Jianyang Honghua are outstanding and optimal for cultivating in Sichuan Province.
出处
《中草药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期105-111,共7页
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
基金
四川省青年科技基金(05ZQ026-011)
