摘要
流域水资源是一种公共资源,也是一种典型的公共财产。公共财产的特性往往表现出所有权的虚无,流域内的每个团体或个人都难以界定明确的责任和义务去维护流域水环境不受污染及可持续利用。流域水环境污染就是一种公地悲剧。本文运用博弈论分析了在市场机制和政府管制两种情况下的流域水环境污染的状况,并比较了两种状况的优劣,得出实施排污交易制度是我国将来进行流域性水污染防治的一种发展趋势。排污权交易制度可使企业真正成为排污和治污的主体,并在购买排污权和治污之间做出对自己有利的选择。最后,也强调了政府在水环境管理的协调、组织和制约方面的必要性,政府应根据市场经济的特点,制定出符合我国国情的切实可行的管理制度及相关政策。
The water resources in the basin is a kind of public resources, and also a kind of typical public property. The characteristic of public property often demonstrates that the ownership is uncertain. It is difficult for each group of the basin or the individual to have a clear responsibility to maintain basin water environment. The basin water environmental pollution is commonly a kind of tragedy. The game theory is used in analyzing basin water environmental pollution under two kinds of situations of the market mechanism and government control. Implementing the trading of the right to discharge polluted water will be a good trend in the future. The trading of the right to discharge polluted water makes polluters become the actual entity when they carefully consider the choices between buying the right of discharging polluted water and constraining the drainage. The need of the government in coordinating, organizing and restricting water environmental management is emphasized at the same time. The government should establish a basket of feasible and efficient managerial measures and relevant policies, which meet the characteristics of market - oriented economy.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
2006年第1期122-126,共5页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(04JZD0011)
广东省自然科学基金博士科研启动基金资助项目(05300201)
广州市哲学社会科学发展"十五"规划2005年度课题(YC4-2)联合资助
关键词
流域
水环境
博弈
river basin
water environment
game
