摘要
目的了解电子废弃物简易拆解地区——贵屿镇儿童血铅水平,探讨电子废物简易拆解业造成的环境污染对儿童健康的影响。方法于2004年9—11月在广东省贵屿镇选择当地出生并长期居住的165名1～6岁健康儿童(暴露组)以及毗邻贵屿镇的陈店镇61名儿童(对照组)测定血铅和血红蛋白水平,并对4个拆解工艺集中地区(元件拆解密集区、初级废塑回收区、元件拆解零散区、成品废塑加工区)分别进行了比较。结果暴露组儿童血铅水平的x±s为(153.0±57.9)μg/L,范围为44.0～302.5μg/L;血铅值≥100μg/L的有135人,占81.8%,其中轻度铅中毒占61.8%,中度铅中毒占20.0%,未发现重度以上铅中毒者。暴露组儿童血铅及铅中毒率均高于对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。暴露组儿童血铅水平随年龄增长呈现升高趋势,经方差分析,3个年龄组的儿童血铅水平差异有统计学意义(F=3.951,P<0.05),且元件拆解密集区>初级废塑回收区>元件拆解零散区>成品废塑加工区。暴露组男童血铅水平的x±s为(151.4±59.1)μg/L,铅中毒率为81.6%;女童血铅水平的x±s为(154.8±56.8)μg/L,铅中毒率为82.1%。男女儿童血铅均数和铅中毒率差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。暴露组铅中毒儿童血红蛋白含量的x±s为(127±17)g/L,低铅儿童血红蛋白含量的x±s为(129±20)g/L,二者差别无统计学意义(t=0.461,P>0.05)。结论简易、落后的电子废物回收拆解工艺造成的环境污染已影响当地儿童的血铅水平。
Objective To investigate the blood lead levels of children aged 1-6 in electronic waste （e-waste） disposing district. Methods In 2004, 165 native children aged 1-6 who lived in the polluted area and 61 who lived in the near unpolluted area （as the control） were chosen and the venous blood was collected, blood lead concentration was detected by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer （GFAS）. Results The mean blood lead level of 165 children aged 1-6 in Guiyu town was （ 153.0±57.9）μg/L, the prevalence rate of lead poisoning was 81.8%, both of the indexes were significantly higher than the control （P〈0.01）. Moreover, the blood lead level of children was different among e-waste recycling areas. Conclusion Most of the children lived in e-waste dismantling and recycling area burden a high blood lead level, the e-wastes are considered the pollutant source of environmental lead pollution.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期58-60,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
关键词
工业废弃物
铅中毒
儿童
Industrial waste
Lead poisoning
Children
