摘要
对氢氧化物酸碱性强度的规律论述甚多,但大都为经验规则,本文对一些计算pK_1的经验规则进行了分类、比较和评述,指出了一些经验规则的适用范围及其存在问题,着重分析了适用性较广且有统一衡量标度即N,φ_w和φ′的三个计算公式,还进一步探讨了一些经验规则中所出现的重要经验常数5的物理意义,它可认为主要是中心离子(水合)φ_w值递变的结果,且是一个平均值,随着周期数的增大或中心离子半径的增大而递变。
Most of various rules of acid-base strength of hydroxides presented in literatures were empirical, here the methods of pK1 calculations based on these rules were classified,their advantages and disadvantages were compared each other and their applicable range was also discussed.Emphasis is put onthree equations aboat N,φω andφ' which were considered to be widely applicable aud to have an unified mearsuring scale.The physical meaning of an imporant empirical constant 5 involve in some of the empirical rules were also discussed, this constant can be considered as the result of the sequential change of the value of φωof central ions(hydrated).This averaed value of 5 changes sequentially with the number of period in the periodical table,or changes sequentially with the increase of radius of central ions.
关键词
氢氧化物
酸碱性
强度
酸度
碱度
Acidify or basicity of hydroxides,Acidity,Basicity,Strength of aciditg or basicty,Hydroxides
