摘要
采用微藻三级扩大培养技术,将在对虾养殖池选育的波吉卵囊藻Oocysits borgei引入凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeusvannamei高位养殖池,并检测养殖环境中微藻群落结构、水质因子、对虾抗病力相关因子、对虾生长情况,研究了以微藻生态调控为主的对虾防病技术。结果表明:养殖前、中、后期,波吉卵囊藻平均生物量占浮游植物总生物量分别为98.02%、78.89%和45.12%,成为虾池中的绝对优势种;作为优势种的持续时间长达77 d。波吉卵囊藻为主的微藻群落控制的水质较稳定,实验池氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮浓度较对照池低。对虾的血细胞数、溶菌(LSZ)活力、抗菌活力、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和酚氧化酶(PO)均显著高于对照池(P<0.05);血清蛋白含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。实验池对虾生长速度显著高于对照池(P<0.05)。可见,通过微藻的定向培育方法来优化虾池微藻群落结构,可改善养殖环境。
Oocystis borgei ,which was selected from the prawn culture pond and expanded after 3-grade cuture, was artificially introduced into the culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei. The structure of microalgae commu- nity, the water quality, the factors that relate to the anti-disease ability of prawn and the growth of prawn were inspected to study the technology of microalage-ecology control to prevent shrimp diseases. The result showed that the average biomass of Oocystis borgei in the early, middle and late period of prawn culture was 98.02 %, 78.89% and 45.12%, respectively of the total microalgae. As the dominant species, it lasted for about 77 days in the prawn pond. The water quality was more stability when the dominant species was mainly Oocystis borgei in it. Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the experiment pond was lower than that of the control pond. The number of blood cell, the activity of phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, antibacterial enzyme and lysozyme were significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05） than the control pond. The content of blood serum protein was not significantly differentia （ P 〉 0.05）. The cultural environment was improved via optimizing the structure of microalgae community by directive breeding microalgae.
出处
《湛江海洋大学学报》
CAS
2005年第6期25-31,共7页
Journal of Zhanjiang Ocean University
基金
广东省科技攻关项目(C20823)
关键词
微藻
波吉卵囊藻
定向培育
微藻群落结构
凡纳滨对虾
生态防病
microalgae
Oocystis borgei
directive breeding
microalgae community structure
L/topenaeus vannamei
ecological disease preventing
