摘要
烟草丛顶病是发生在云南西部烟草种植区的一种严重病害。1993年首次在保山地区暴发流行。截止1998年发病面积达5万多公顷,直接经济损失2.1亿元。课题组采用生物学和分子生物学研究方法,明确证实在滇西三江流域烟草种植区普遍爆发流行的此类烟草病害与津巴布韦发生的烟草丛顶病为同一病害。病害由烟草丛顶病毒(TBTV)和烟草脉扭病毒(TVDV)复合侵染引起,是烟草丛顶病在中国的首次报道;获得了TBTV的全长核苷酸序列,是国际上完成的第一个烟草丛顶病毒全序列;开展了TVDV的分子生物学研究并获得了基因组部分序列;报道了TBTV的似卫星RNA,并获得了其部分序列;建立了包括TBTV、TVDV以及TBTV似卫星RNA的烟草丛顶病分子检测体系;通过对病害传播途径、流行规律研究,提出了“预防为主,避蚜防病”的综合防治措施,在全省累计示范推广8万多hm2,平均防治效果在90%以上,挽回烟叶损失1.7亿元,经济效益极为显著,挽救了滇西烟区烟草种植业。
Tobacco bushy top disease was a severe tobacco disease in western Yunnan Province, China. It broke out in the rural areas of Baoshan in 1993 first time. From 1993 to 1998, 50 000 ha of flue-cured tobacco and some oriental tobacco were affected with direct economic losses of about 25 million U.S. dollars. The disease Was falsely regarded as having a phytoplasma etiology before 1999. Comparative studies on symptomoloy, host range, transmission means indicated that it is tobacco bushy top disease which has been reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Tobacco bushy top disease was caused by tobacco bushy top virus and tobacco vein distorting virus. The complete nucleotide sequence of a Chinese isolate of tobacco bushy top virus was determined. The results indicated that tobacco bushy top virus should be listed as a definitive member of the genus Umbravirus. Partial sequence of the genome of tobacco vein distorting virus was obtained, including partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coat protein and movement protein. The results indicated that tobacco vein distorting virus was a definitive member of the family Luteoviridae. A satellite-like RblA of tobacco bushy top virus was discovered and its partial sequence obtained. With the above-mentioned sequence data, RT-PCR primers were designed and used for molecular detection of tobacco bushy top disease. Integrated pest management strategy based on control of vector aphids was devised according to the research results of disease transmission manner and epidemiology. The control strategy was applied to over 80 000 ha of tobacco plantation and reached a big success.
出处
《中国烟草科学》
CSCD
2005年第3期45-48,共4页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
云南省应用基础研究基金
云南省烟草公司科研基金资助项目
关键词
烟草丛顶病
病原
综合防治
研究
tobacco bushy top disease
etiology
integrated pest management
research
