摘要
研究共产主义革命与秘密结社的关系,即秘密结社在近代革命过程中的地位与作用,是一个具有挑战性的主题。本论文通过对陕甘宁边区哥老会与共产主义运动关系的例证考察,重新检讨以往的“连续性论(亲和性论)”,“非连续性论(不溶性论)”和“竞争关系论”等观点。长征以前,当地的革命家们试图去适应秘密结社所植根的农村底层文化。刘志丹主动加入哥老会,动员其与哥老会的个人、社会关系便是这种灵活适应的一个完美的例子。长征后,中共中央进一步试图对哥老会进行全面公开的政治化。在这一政治化进程中,哥老会固有的政治、道德口号成为重要的连接纽带。但是,共产党和哥老会的这种关系并不是对称、对等的。共产党通过“毛泽东路线”的灵活性开始逐渐在当地构筑自己的势力。在共产党的系统构造框架之内,哥老会虽说可以在共产党统治地区内生存,但无法取得更大的发展。
The relationship between secret societies and the Communist movement, i.e., the status and roles of secret societies in the modern revolutionary process, has been a provocative topic. This article analyses existing viewpoints such as the “continuity theory (affinity theory,)” the “discontinuity theory (insolubility theory),” and the “rivalry theory” through a study of the relations between the CCP and the Gelaohui(the Society of Brothers and Elders)in the Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region. Before the Long March, local revolutionaries tried to adapt themselves to the grass-root culture in which the secret societies took root. Liu Zhidan took the initiative to join the Gelaohui and mobilized the interpersonal and social relations with the Gelaohui. This can be seen as a perfect example of flexibility and adaptation. After the Long March, the Central Committee of the CCP expected to publicly and completely realize the politicization of the Gelaohui. In the process, the Gelaohui’s inherent political and moral slogans became key links. However, the relationship between the CCP and the Gelaohui was not symmetrical and reciprocal. The CCP began to gradually build its own forces through the flexibility of the “Mao Zedong Line.” Though the Gelaohui could live in areas controlled by the CCP, they were not able to achieve greater development within the framework of the CCP’s system.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第6期134-162,共29页
Modern Chinese History Studies
